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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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von Neumann Architecture
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three essential components that work together to function as a computer: input/output devices, memory, and the CPU. All three are connected by buses
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Memory
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stores information for the computer ro process
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Central Processing Unit CPU
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carries out programmatic steps in order to process data
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Buses
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collections of wires that carry information in the form of electrical signals
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Units of Memory
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byte-8 bits
kb-2^10 bytes Mb-million bytes Gb-billion bytes Tb-trillion bytes |
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Computer
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receives, stores, and processes information
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CPU
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central processing unit: most complex part of computer system (2 ports)
-fetch/get instructions -execute instructions |
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Operating System
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a collection of programs that controls how the CPU, memory, and I/O devices work together to execute programs. Windows, vista, mac osx
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Web Browser
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to view a web page in which HTML formatting is properly applied you need this kind of kind of computer program. (firefox, explorer, safari)
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Server
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an internet enabled computer that executes software for providing access to certain Web documents.
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Address
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what is typed into the computer to get to the website
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Packet switching
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ARPANet when information is sent in several packages across the country and if one gets lost there will be a page error
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TCP/IP
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TCP means Transmission Control Protocol and IP means Internet Protocol the TCP controls the method by which messages are broken down into packets then reassembled when they reach their final destination and the IP is concerned with labeling the packets for delivery and controlling the packets path from sender to recipient.
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IP address/DNS
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An IP address is a number written as a dotted sequence that each computer is assigned one by the ISP. Some ISPs maintain a pool of IP addresses and assign them dynamically to computers each time they connect.
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HTML
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HyperText Markup Language defines the form of web page content
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HTML Tags & attributes
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a word or symbol surrounded by angular brackets (<HTML)
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Text Editor & Web Browser
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what is used to make a web page
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CPU subunits
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The three subunits of the CPU are Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) which is circuitry that performs the actual operations on data (addition, subtraction,bit manipulations), Registers which are memory locations built into the CPU to provide fast access (the transfer of data between registers and main memory occurs across a college of wires called a bus), and the Control Unit (CU) which is circuitry in charge of fetching data and instructions from main memorsy as well as controlling the flow of data between registers and the ALU
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Data Path
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A datapath is a collection of functional units, such as ALUs or multipliers, that perform data processing operations. Most processors consist of a datapath and a control unit, with a large part of the control unit dedicated to regulating the interaction between the datapath and memory.
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Databus
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In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data between computer components inside a computer or between computers.
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Expansion Bus
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An expansion bus is made up of electronic pathways which move information between the code of a computer system, including the CPU and RAM, and peripheral devices. It is a collection of wires and protocols that allows for the expansion of a computer
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Memory bios
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refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings.
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memory ram
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The word random thus refers to the fact that any piece of data can be returned in a constant time, regardless of its physical location and whether or not it is related to the previous piece of data.
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memory rom
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a class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. Because data stored in ROM cannot be modified (at least not very quickly or easily), it is mainly used to distribute firmware (software that is very closely tied to specific hardware, and unlikely to require frequent updates)
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memory cache
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a temporary storage area where frequently accessed data can be stored for rapid access. Once the data is stored in the cache, it can be used in the future by accessing the cached copy rather than re-fetching or recomputing the original data.
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memory registers
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a small amount of storage available on the CPU whose contents can be accessed more quickly than storage available elsewhere.
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memory cmos
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refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings. It was traditionally called CMOS RAM because it used a low-power CMOS SRAM (such as the Motorola MC146818 or similar) powered by a small battery when system power was off
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Internet
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<a HREF="http://google.com">go to google</a>
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bottom
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<a href="#bottom">go to bottom</a>
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email
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<a href="mailto:gakonopka@loyola.edu">Email to the editor</a>
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