Comps Study Set 2

Front 1

Helms White Racial Identity Model

Back 1

1. Contact
2. Disintegration
3. Reintegration
4. Pseudo-independence
5. Immersion/Emersion
6. Autonomy

Front 2

Helms: Contact...

Back 2

-oblivious to racism
-lack of understanding of racism
-have minimal experiences w/ Black people
-may profess to be color-blind

Front 3

Helms: Disintegration...

Back 3

person becomes conflicted over un-resolvable racial moral dilemmas. (i.e., believing one is nonracist, yet not wanting one's son/daughter to marry a minority group member)

Front 4

Helms: Reintegration...

Back 4

possibly characterized as regression, person tends to idealize one's own social-racial group and be intolerant of other minority groups

Front 5

Helms: Pseudo-Independence...

Back 5

person begins to attempt an understanding of racial differences and may reach out to interact with minority group members. More of an intellectual exercise, not experiential.

Front 6

Helms: Immersion/Emersion...

Back 6

person searches for an understanding of the personal meaning of racism and the ways in which one benefits from White privilege. Willingness to confront one's own biases, and combat racism

Front 7

Helms: Autonomy...

Back 7

person is knowledgeable about racial differences, acceptance of one's own role in perpetuating racism, values the diversity, not longer uncomfortable with experiential reality of race

Front 8

Statistics defined

Back 8

is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data

Front 9

Descriptive statistics

Back 9

summarize the population data by describing what was observed in the sample numerically or graphically

Front 10

Inferential statistics

Back 10

uses patterns in the sample data to draw inferences about the population represented, accounting for randomness

Front 11

Correlation

Back 11

when a data set reveals that two variables of the population under consideration tend to vary together, as if they were connected. "Correlation does not imply causation"

Front 12

Steps of statistical experiment

Back 12

1. planning the research, including finding the number of replicates of the study
2. Design of experiments, including radomized assignment of tx to subjects to allow for unbiased estimates
3. Performing the experiment and analyzing the data
4. Secondary analyses, suggestion of new hypotheses for future study
5. Documenting and presenting the results of the study

Front 13

Null hypothesis

Back 13

the assumption that whatever is proposed as a couse has no effect on the variable being measured

Front 14

Standard deviation

Back 14

the extent to which individual observations in a sample differ from a central value, such as a sample or population mean

Front 15

Standard error

Back 15

an estimate of difference between sample mean and population mean

Front 16

Example of Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Back 16

historgram could be used to show the varying differences between baseball players' on a team

Front 17

Example of chi-squared, goodness-of-fit

Back 17

what is the distribution of the number of customers come into a restaurant each day of the week

Front 18

Example of chi-squared, independence

Back 18

did class attendance influence student's test scores? (pass, fail)

Front 19

Example of correlational study

Back 19

is there a relationship between amount of sun light and reported happiness

Front 20

4 types of data

Back 20

1. nominal - categorical data (i.e., name of school)
2. ordinal - quantities that have natural ordering (i.e., raking of race finishers)
3. interval - like ordinal, except intervals between each value are equally split. (i.e., temperature in Fahrenheit)
4. ratio - interval data with a natural zero point (i.e., time, since 0 time is meaningful.