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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Axis I
Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V |
I-clinical disorders
II-personality disorders & mental retardation III-general medical condition IV-psycho social & environmental problems (abuse) V-GAF |
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cluster C
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They tend to function better in the outside world.
Avoidant, dependant, obsessive-compulsive, passive aggressive |
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avoidant personality disorder
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primary issue is social discomfort, but they want social relationships. A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequency, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. 1. avoids occupational activities that involve sig. interpersonal contact, because of fears of criticism 2. unwilling to get involved w/ people unless certain of being liked 3. shows restraint w/in intimate rel’s cause of fear of being shamed or ridiculed 4. preoccupied w/ being criticized or rejected 5. inhibited in new interpersonal situations cause of feelings of inadequency 6. views self as socially inept or inferior to others 7. usually reluctant to take personal risks for fear of abandonment. Underachievers, appear timid,no close friends, does not go out, social phobia, agouraphobia, see the world as dangerous. Mommy is their first outside world.
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Dependant personality disorder
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lost soul, rely on others to make decisions for them, timid, compliant to avoid rejection, hurt by criticism, difficulty being alone, tend to be w/ narcissistics in rel's, fear of abandonment, differential diagnosis: A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging beh. and fears of separation. MDD, alcoholism, dysthymia
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Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorder
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anxiety, tactile repetitions, pattern of rigid behavior, delusional experiences, inflexible, rigid, anxious before exams, difficulty completing tasks, cannot see the big pic., bright but work slowly, don't do well professionally (accounting, engineering, business, marketing executive),preoccupation w/ orderliness, perfectionism & mental & interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency. hoarding beh., stingy w/ money, sometimes cannot function. differential diagnosis: OCD, MDD, dysthymia, hypochondriasis
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Passive-Aggressive pers. disorder
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not a pers. dis. anymore.
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cluster A
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paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
Most primitive of pers. disorders. |
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cluster B
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antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
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paranoid pers. disorder
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Distrust, suspiciousness, others motives are malevolent. unjustified doubts, bears grudges,
reluctant to share w/ therapist, people plotting against them, belief of mistrust, expectation of being exploited, question loyalty of friends, has recurrent suspicions of infidelity, read hidden meanings into everything, anticipate attack, hard to treat, quick to react w/ anger, fixed delusions are absent, more fluid delusions that may change. Suspects w/out sufficient basis Projection-project into others feelings they cannot tolerate inside themselves, ideas of reference, logically defend their delusions. Differential diagnosis: delusional disorder, paranoid, schizoid |
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illusion
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neurotic ideas of reference
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delusions
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psychotic
victim/aggressor role |
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schizoid pers. disorder
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no close friends, no pleasure from rel's, loner, detachment, restricted range of emotions, not schizophrenic, lifelong pattern of social withdrawal, inability to express anger, more close w/ family, like solitary activities, cold, lack of sexual desire, don't exp. great joy of happiness, they withdraw if you praise them, no oddities of thought., neither desires or enjoys close relationships, appears indifferent to praise or criticism, shows emotional coldness, detachment, flattened affect. Differential diagnosis: schizotypal (oddities of thought)
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schizotypal pers. disorder
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a pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort w/ and reduced capacity for cose relationships as wel as by cognitive or perceptual distortions. Believes you can read other people's thoughts, rejected more whereas schizoid pulls back from rel's. Gets hurt when rejected. Dress wierd, hygiene, no delusions but have neurotic ideas of reference, comes across immature 1. odd beliefs or magical thinking 2. unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions 3. odd thinking and speech 4. suspiciousness or paranoid ideation 5. inappropriate or constricted affect (laugh when inappropriate) 6. behavior that is odd or eccentric or peculiar 7. lack of close friends 8. social anxiety
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antisocial pers. disorder
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little diff. from other pers. dis.: need evidence of conduct dis. or anti-social beh. before 15. If age 16 cannot give them pers. dis. test cause they need to be 18+ to be diagnosed.
Truency, running away, fighting, alcoholism, poor impulse control, low frustration tolerance, disregard for rules, violation of the basic rights of others. Inability to function as a parent. Inability to sustain consistent work beh. or honor financial obligations. |
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histrionic pers. disorder
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drama queen, mind-body split, sexually seductive & demanding, superficial, jump from rel. to rel., low frustration tolerance, they may feel empty when you try to get them in touch w/ their feelings, then they withdraw, longing mommy-baby attachment. Differential diagnosis: somatization, conversion disorder, rapid shifting of shallow emotion, uses physical appearance to draw attention, style of speech that is impressionistic & lacking in detail, exaggerated expression of emotion, suggestible (easily influenced), considers rel’s to be more intimate than they really are.
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Double depression
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Dysthymia and MDD
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eating disorders
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anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa (these patients do not have the body image distortion that anoxerics have), atypical eating disorder
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dissociative disorders
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amnesia, fugue, identity disorder, depersonalization
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dissociative amnesia
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patient can't remember imp. info. that is usually of a personal nature. Ususally stress related.
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dissociative fugue
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patient suddently travels from home and cannot remember imp. details about the past.
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dissociative identity disorder
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person possesses at least 2 disticnt personalities or pers. states. pers's assume control of patients beh.
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depersonalization disorder
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episodes of detachment from one self. As if one is observing one's own beh. from outside. patient does not have mem. loss.
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conduct disorder
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the patient violates rues or the rights of others. It is a common precurser to anti-social pers. disorder. hurt people and animals, destruction of property, violation of rules, deceitfullness or threat
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oppositional defiant disorder
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multiple examples of negative beh. persists for at least 6 months. negative, hostile toward authority figures, defiant
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somatoform disorders
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somatoform disorder, conversion disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, factitious disorder
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somatization disorder
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multiple unexplained symptoms, both pain and mood symptoms.
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conversion disorder
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complain of isolated symptoms that seem to have no physical cause
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pain disorder
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the pain in question has no apparent physical or physiological basis, given the patients actual physical cond. Psychological factors that may cause or worsen the pain include stress resulting from rel's, work, and finances
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hypochondriasis
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healthy patient who has the unfounded fear of a serious, often life-threatening illness. The belief persists despite medical evidence and reassurance.
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factitious disorder
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patients who consciously fabricate symptoms to attract attention from health care professionals.
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adjustment disorders coexist (as well as all disorders)
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anxiety and depression
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seperation anxiety
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onset before 18. how long does it last before you diagnosis? 4 wks. You could make an adult diagnosis if there was a history of fear of being alone and school truency.
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Ex. Patient comes in and talks about loss and anxiety, seperation fears, fear of intimacy, fear of loss of control What is your diagnosis?
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Axis I: seperation anxiety
Axis II: borderline |
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rumenation disorder
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someone chews over and over again, but are not able to swallow. They then regurgitate. They may develop borderline.
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malingering
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patients who fabricate somatic or psychological symptoms, but the motive is some material gain. Avoiding punishment or work, or obtaining money or drugs.
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Dementia
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can be caused by a large # of diseases, Korsakoffs, MID, Alzheimer's
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Delirium
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caused by trauma to the brain, infections, epilepsy, etc.
A. Disturbance of consciousness B. A change in cognition (mem. deficit, disorientation, lang. dist.) C. Develops over a short period (hrs. to days) D. Caused by the direct physiological consequences of a general med. cond. |
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autism
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child has impaired social interactions and communication, failure to develop peer relationships, lack of social or emotional reciprocity
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Asperger's disorder
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Similar to autism but they don't have delayed or impaired language.
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when can pers. disorders be diagnosed?
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Over 18 but on Axis II you can mention borderline features.
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disidentification
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dis-identified from thoughts, feelings, friends
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objective countertransference
see notes |
due to general knowledge
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subjective countertransference
see notes |
due to personal experiences
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narcissistic transference
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see notes
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narcissistic defense
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see notes
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