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56 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
radical
political extremes to the right or left
developed countries
countries with a high standard of living and strong economies
nationalism
pride in one’s people, and the belief they have their own unique political destiny
political economy
the relationship between political and economic systems
facism
Authoritarian regimes such as Hitler’s and Mussolini’s. Totalitarian attempts to impose state control on all aspects of life
smd
Winner takes all. Whoever wins the most votes gets the one seat available in an election
pr
Voters for parties rather than candidates. Parties are represented in the legislature according to the percentage of votes received
globalization
the process of expanding and intensifying the interconnectedness among states, societies and economies
developing countries
Countries attempting to improve their economic status. Currently with low average income and less sophisticated infrastructure. Might be described at the “third world”
HDI
a measure of a countries standard of living, including health and education
undeveloped countries
The poorest countries. The bottom 12. might be described as the third world
Gini Index
a formula that measures economic inequality within a country
ppp
the buying power of income in a country
neoliberal economics
reforms that focus on the free market with few restrictions on business and property rights
gdp
The total value of goods and services produced in a country.
causation
when a change in one variable causes a change in another variable
legitimacy
generally accepted view that a government has the right to rule
correlation
an apparent connection between variables
traditional legitimacy
the right to rule because it always has been that way
revolution
the overthrow and replacement of a regime based upon broad popular support
charismatic legitimacy
the right to rule based on personality of an individual
sovereignty
the ability to carry out actions independent of internal or external forces
legitimacy rational-legal
the right to rule based on a widely accepted system of laws and procedures
co-optation
granting special favors in exchange for a benefit
democracy
a system of government that allows citizens to choose policy makers in free and competitive elections
corporatism
when groups such as business and/or labor work closely with the government in policy making
liberal democracy
a system with political competition, economic freedom, civil rights and liberties, and open access to information
authoritarian
a system of government based on coercion
illiberal democracy
a procedural democracy with elections but without real competition and lacking some civil liberties
marxism
The theory that in a struggle over resources the elite will dominate. Eventually the proletariat will create a classless state
social democracy
a system with competitive elections and civil rights, coupled with an emphasis on economic equality
country
the state, government, regime, and people who live in a political system
polical culture
the history, values, beliefs and traditions hat influence political behavior
society
a complex human organization with shared institutions
politics
Who gets what? The process through which people are governed
institutions
the executive, legislature, judiciary and bureaucracy
regime
the fundamental norms and rules established by administration over time
government
institutions with legitimate authority
reactionaries
those who want to restore political, social, and economic institutions that existed in the past
theocracy
a form of government where religion and politics are intertwined
liberalism
an attitude favoring evolutionary transformations of the system
political ideology
a set of political beliefs and values about the goals of government
political attitude
views about the policy making, the government’s role, the pace of change, and freedom and equality
liberalism
a political ideology that places high value on political and economic freedom
libertarian
an ideology favoring little government interference in the economy and personal freedoms
conservatives
an ideology that questions whether change is necessary
nation
a group of people with a psychological sense of identity based upon cultural, geographic or linguistic ties
normative questions
A question that asks, “What should be the case?”
state
institutions people and groups that have the power to effect change including a monopoly of forces
imperical question
a question that has a factual scientific or mathematical verifiable answer
cleavages
factors that separate groups
crosscutting cleavage
a division that includes people with differences strengthening society
co inciding cleavages
a division that strengthens feelings of difference and discrepancy, weakening society
bicameral
a two house legislature
devolution
the process of decentralizing power from national governments that stops short of federalism
command economy
an economy centrally planned and controlled by the government