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256 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the levels of classification in order from largest to smallest?
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1) Kingdom
2) Phyllum 3) Class 4) Order 5) Family 6) Genus 7) Species |
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Name the 5 Kingdoms.
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1) Animalia
2) Plante 3) Protista 4) Monera 5) Fungi |
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Name a Phylum.
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Chordata
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Name a Subphylum of the Chordata Phylum.
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Vertebrata
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Name the 8 classes.
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1) Agnatha
2) Placodermy 3) Chondreichthyes 4) Osteichthyes 5) Amphibia 6) Reptilia 7) Aves 8) Mammalia |
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What is the term that refers to the study of amphibians and reptiles?
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Herpetology
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What Order are Humans a part of?
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Primates
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What Family are Humans a part of?
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Hominidae
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What is the Genus of Humans?
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Homo
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Define Species.
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A group of organisms that more or less look alike and freely interbreed and produce a fertile offspring.
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What is the Species of Humans?
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Sapien
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What is the scientific name of a human?
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Homo sapien
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What was the title of the book that described binomial nomenclature?
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Systema Naturae 10th Edition
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Who invented binomial nomenclature?
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Carolus Linnaeus
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What is the name for a specimen that is sent to the museum when it is discovered in order to be compared to future specimens?
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Holotype
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What is the name for the specimen that is sent to the museum when a specimen of the opposite sex has already been sent when it was first discovered?
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Allotype
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What 4 bone regions are members of the Axial bone system?
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1) Vertebral column
2) Sternum 3) Ribs 4) Skull |
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What 6 bone regions are members of the Apendicular bone system?
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1) Pectoral Girdle
2) Arm 3) Hand 4) Pelvic Girdle 5) Leg 6) Foot |
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What kind of vertebrae do fish have?
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Amphicoelous Vertebrae
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What kind of vertebrae do Amphibians have?
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Opistocoelous Vertebrae
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What kind of vertebrae do Reptiles have?
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Procoelous Vertebrae
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What kind of vertebrae do mammals have?
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Amphiplateus Vertebrae
or Acoelous Vertebrae |
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What kind of vertebrae do birds have?
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Heterocoelous Vertebrae
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What kind of fish vertebrae is this?
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Caudal Vertebrae
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What kind of fish vertebrae is this?
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Trunk Vertebrae
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What was the first Class to get an Atlas?
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Amphibians
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How many Sacrals do Amphibians have?
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1
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How many Sacrals do Reptiles have?
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2
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How many Cervical Vertebrae do mammals have?
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7
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What do birds have in place of the sacrum and why?
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The Synsacrum in order to strengthen the skeleton for flight
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What is a style?
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A sharp bone process
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What animal has the most vertebrae?
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Snakes
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What animal has the least vertebrae?
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Frogs
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What is the purpose of counter-shading on a fish?
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It is camouflage in order to protect it from predators
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What is the purpose of the lateral line?
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It detects movement in the water, it later develops into the ears
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1
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Dorsal Fin
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2
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Caudal Fin
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3
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Anal Fin
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4
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Pectoral Fin
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5
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Pelvic Fin
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6
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Operculum
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7
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Lateral Line
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1
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Spiracle
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2
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Gill Slits
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What is the term that refers to the final few vertebrae in birds which support the tail feathers?
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Pygostyle
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What is the term that refers to the wishbone?
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Fercola
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What is the term that refers to a frog's caudal bone?
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Urostyle
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What kind of tissue is located at each end of a bone?
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Connective Tissue
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What is the outer layer of a bone made up of?
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Red Bone Marrow
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What does red bone marrow produce?
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Red Blood Cells
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What is the inner layer of a bone made up of?
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Yellow Bone Marrow
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What is yellow bone marrow consist of?
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Fat
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Where is Endochondral Bone located in the body?
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Everything under the collar bone, and some of the skull
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Where is Dermal Bone located in the body?
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In the skull
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What bone in the pectoral girdle was first to disappear in land animals?
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Cleithrum
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What bone in the pectoral girdle was second to disappear in land animals and is only missing in mammals?
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Caracoid
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What bone in the pectoral girdle was lost in fast mammals?
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Clavicle
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What structure marks the furthest end of the soft pallet in the mouth?
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Uvula
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Is the Frontal Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Singular
2) Dermal |
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Is the Occipital Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Singular
2) Dermal |
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Is the Zygomatic Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Paired
2) Dermal |
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Is the Nasal Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Paired
2) Dermal |
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Is the Maxilla Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Paired
2) Dermal |
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Is the Temporal Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Paired
2) Dermal |
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Is the Dentary Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Singular
2) Dermal |
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Is the Parietal Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Paired
2) Endochondral |
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Is the Sphenoid Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Singular
2) Endochondral |
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Is the Ethmoid Bone in the skull singular or paired and what type of bone does it consist of?
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1) Singular
2) Endochondral |
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What anchors muscle behind the ear?
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Mastoid
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What term refers to feet planted on the ground with the heel flat?
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Plantigrade
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What term refers to feet raised slightly off the ground with the heel in the air?
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Fissigrade
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What term refers to an animal that walks on the tips of its toes, and usually only has one or two toes?
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Ungulograde
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What term refers to the penis bone?
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Baculum
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What vertebrae is this?
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The Atlas (C1)
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2
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Transverse Foramen
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3
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Transverse Process
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1
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Superior Articular Process
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6
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Inferior Articular Process
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7
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Posterior Arch
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8
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Anterior Arch
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What is the name of the first cervical vertebrae?
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Atlas
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What is unique about the Atlas?
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It is the only vertebrae that has no centrum
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How man vertebrae to humans have in total?
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33
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What are the 5 types of vertebrae that humans have (in order from top to bottom)?
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1) Cervical
2) Thoracic 3) Lumbar 4) Sacral 5) Coccygeal |
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How many cervical vertebrae do humans have?
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7
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How many thoracic vertebrae do humans have?
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12
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How many lumbar vertebrae do humans have?
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5
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How many sacral vertebrae do humans have?
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5
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How many coccygeal vertebrae do humans have?
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3 or 4
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What is unique about cervical vertebrae?
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1) Bifid spinous process
2) Transverse Foramen |
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What is unique about thoracic vertebrae?
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1) Costal Facets (attached to ribs)
2) Heart shaped centrum |
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What is unique about lumbar vertebrae?
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1) Large
2) No Costal Facets (NOT attached to ribs) |
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What is unique about sacral vertebrae?
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1) Fused together
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What is unique about coccygeal vertebrae?
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1) Remnants of a tail
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What is the only mammal that does not have 7 cervical vertebrae?
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The Sloth
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What is the name of the second cervical vertebrae?
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The Axis (C2)
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6
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Odontoid Process
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1
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Spinous Process
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3
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Transverse Process
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10
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Transverse Foramen
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5
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Superior Articular Process
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9
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Inferior Articular Process
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What vertebrae is this?
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The Axis (C2)
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What is the name of the first vertebrae?
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The Atlas (C1)
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What type of vertebrae is this?
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Cervical
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1
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Spinous Process
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5
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Transverse Process
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4
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Transverse Foramen
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2
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Lamina
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7
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Pedicle
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6
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Centrum
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3
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Superior Articular Process
or Zygapophyses |
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What type of vertebrae is this?
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Thoracic
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6
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Centrum
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4
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Transverse Process
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5
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Pedicle
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1
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Spinous Process
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8
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Costal Facets
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3
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Superior Articular Facets
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9
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Inferior Articular Facets
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What type of vertebrae is this?
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Lumbar
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6
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Centrum
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1
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Spinous Process
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4
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Transverse Process
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2
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Lamina
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5
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Pedicle
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3
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Superior Articular Facets
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8
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Inferior Articular Facets
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What bone is this?
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Sacrum
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5
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Sacral Canal
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10
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Sacral Hiatus
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7
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Median Sacral Crest
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9
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Lateral Sacral Crest
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3
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Coccyx
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What bone is this?
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Sternum
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2
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Manubrium
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5
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Xiphoid Process
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What bone is this?
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Costal (Rib)
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What are Costals 1 through 7 called?
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True Ribs
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What are Costals 8 through 12 called?
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False Ribs
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What are Costals 11 and 12 called?
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Floating Ribs
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What are true ribs?
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True ribs are articulated by their own costal cartilage
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What are false ribs?
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False ribs are articulated through the costal cartilage of adjacent ribs
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9
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Head (Vertebral End)
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6
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Angle
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3
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Neck
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4+5
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Tubercle
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7
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Costal Groove
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10
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Sternal End
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What is this?
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An Intervertebral Disc
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1
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Annulus Fibrosus
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2
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Nucleus Palposeus
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What causes a herniated disc?
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A ruptured intervertebral disc ruptures and pushes on the nerves surrounding the spine
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What is the name of the procedure that removes a piece of the lamina in order to relieve the pain caused by a herniated disc?
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Laminectomy
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What is the name of the condition that is characterized by a hunchback?
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Xyphosis
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What is the name of the condition that is characterized by an exaggerated curve in the lumbar region (hunchbutt)?
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Lordosis
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What is the name of the condition that is characterized by an irregular spine?
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Scoliosis
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What bone is this?
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Clavicle (Collarbone)
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1
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Sternal End
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2
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Acromial End
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3
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Conoid Tubercle
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What bone is this?
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Scapula (Shoulder Blade)
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3
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Superior Margin
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10
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Axillary Margin
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7
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Vertebral Margin
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6
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Spine
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12
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Acromion Process
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1
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Coracoid Process
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4
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Supraspinous Fossa
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8
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Infraspinous Fossa
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2
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Glenoid Cavity
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What bone is this?
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Scapula (Shoulder Blade)
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What bone is this?
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Humerus
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What bone is this?
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Humerus
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What bone is this?
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Humerus
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1
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Head
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6
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Shaft
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5
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Greater Tubercle
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3
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Lesser Tubercle
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4
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Bicipital Groove
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7
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Deltoid Tuberosity
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7
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Olecranon Fossa
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6
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Coronoid Fossa
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5
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Medial Epicondyle
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2
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Lateral Epicondyle
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3
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Capitulum
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4
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Trochlea
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What is the term for the formation that is described as a round bump on a bone where it forms a joint with another bone?
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Condyle
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What bone is this?
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Ulna
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What bone is this?
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Ulna
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1
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Olecranon Process (Elbow)
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3
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Coronoid Process
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5
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Radial Notch
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6
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Shaft
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7
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Head
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8
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Styloid Process
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2
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Semilunar Notch
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What bone is this?
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Radius
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What bone is this?
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Radius
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1
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Head
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4
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Shaft
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6
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Ulnar Notch
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5
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Styloid Process
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2-9
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Carpals
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10
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Metacarpals
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11-13
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Phalanges
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What is the term that refers to the thumb?
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Pollex
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What is the term that refers to the big toe?
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Hallux
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What is the term that refers to a mammals ability to swing his arms?
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Brachiator
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What is the term that refers to mammals that walk on two legs?
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Bipedal
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What is the term that refers to the way gorillas walk?
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Knuckle Walking
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What is the term that refers to an animal that has evolved specifically to run?
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Cursorial
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How many carpals does a human have?
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8
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How many metacarpals does a human have?
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5
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How many phalanges does a human have?
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14
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What bone is this?
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Os coxa
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11
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Obturator Foramen
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15
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Acetabulum
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2
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Iliac Crest
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5
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Greater Sciatic Notch
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8
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Lesser Sciatic Notch
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7
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Ischial Spine
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10
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Ischial Tuberosity
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12
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Ischiopubic Ramus
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What bone is this?
|
Femur
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What bone is this?
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Femur
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What bone is this?
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Femur
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1
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Head
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2
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Neck
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6
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Shaft
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3
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Greater Trochanter
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5
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Lesser Trochanter
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4
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Intertrochanteric Crest
|
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9
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Linea Aspera
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1
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Medial Epicondyle
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2
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Lateral Epicondyle
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1
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Medial Condyle
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2
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Lateral Condyle
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3
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Intercondylar Fossa
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What bone is this?
|
Tibia
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What bone is this?
|
Tibia
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5
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Medial Condyle
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2
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Lateral Condyle
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1
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Intercondylar Eminence
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3
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Tibial Tuberosity
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7
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Medial Malleolus
|
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What bone is this?
|
Fibula
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What bone is this?
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Fibula
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1
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Head
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2
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Shaft
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4
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Lateral Malleolus
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What is this?
|
Manus (Hand)
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What is this?
|
Pes (Foot)
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1-7
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Tarsals
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8
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Metatarsals
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9-11
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Phalanges
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