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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Democratic centralism
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A society governed by a struggle, Strictly hierarchical operating on democratic principles, free political discussion and free election, only with in the party. Each level of the party is elected by the level below and is accountable to that lower level.
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Structural Violence
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Social and economic oppression built into a system of government.
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Great Leap Forward
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Mao’s attempt to modernise China’s economy so that by 1988, China would have an economy that rivalled America.
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One country, two systems
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idea proposed by Deng Xiaoping early 1980s, then Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China (PRC), for the reunification of China. He suggested that there will be only one China, but areas such as Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan can have their own capitalist economic and political systems, while the rest of China uses the "socialist" system.
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tank man
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nickname of an anonymous man who became internationally famous when he was videotaped and photographed during the Tiananmen Square protests on 5 June 1989.
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Decolonization
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undoing of colonialism, the establishment of governance or authority through the creation of settlements by another country or jurisdiction. The term generally refers to the achievement of independence by the various Western colonies and protectorates in Asia and Africa following World War II.
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Lok Sabha
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lower house in the Parliament of India. Also stands for the term of the lower house between consecutive parliamentary general elections in India.
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Market-Leninism
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Slang for replacing Marxist-Leninism as the new governing style of China, it combines the iron fist political rule of Leninism with the wide-open economic permissiveness of free-market capitalism, as in Singapore.
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Fourth Generation Warfare
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combat characterized by a blurring of the lines between war and politics, soldier and civilian, peace and conflict, battlefield and safety.
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PRI
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a Mexican political party that wielded power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The _______is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution, making Mexico one of the few nations with two major, competing parties part of the same international grouping.
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Dedazo
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a strick OR a slang used to describe the unilaterally choosing of candidates by the president (literally "finger-strike").
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Satyagraha
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a philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance developed by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
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Diaspora
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"a scattering or sowing of seeds") refers to any people or ethnic population forced or induced to leave their traditional homelands, the dispersal of such people, and the ensuing developments in their culture. Often a diaspora accompanies, or is the only way to avoid, genocide, the systematic killing of a people.
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BJP
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Indian People's Party, created in 1980, is a major centre-right Indian political party. _______has sought balance to Indian political structure missing since its independence in 1947. It has allied with regional parties to roll back religious opportunism and the left inclined tendencies formerly practiced and endorsed by the Congress Party, which dominated Indian politics for four decades. The ideological rallying cry of the _______is strong nationalism.
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Long March
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a massive military retreat undertaken by the Red Armies of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army.
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Dalit
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untouchable, or an outcast, is a person who according to traditional Hindu belief does not have any "varnas". Varna refers to the Hindu belief that most humans were supposedly created from different parts of the body of the divinity Purusha.
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Presidentialism
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system of government where an executive branch exists and presides (hence the term) separately from the legislature, to which it is not accountable and which cannot in normal circumstances dismiss it.
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Congress Party
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a major political party in India. Created in 1885 by Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji and Sir Dinshaw Edulji Wacha, the Indian National Congress became the nation's leader in the Independence Movement, with over 15 million Indians involved in its organizations and over 70 million participants in its struggle against the British Empire. The party is currently the chief member of the ruling United Progressive Alliance coalition.
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Camarilla
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group of courtiers or favorites which surround a king or ruler.
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PPP (Purchasing power parity)
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A ________ rate equalizes the purchasing power of different currencies in their home countries for a given basket of goods.
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Danwei
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name given to a place of employment in the People's Republic of China.
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Democratic Centralism
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the name given to the principles of internal organization used by Leninist political parties, and the term is sometimes used as a synonym for any Leninist policy inside a political party. The democratic aspect of this organizational method describes the freedom of members of the political party to discuss and debate matters of policy and direction, but once the decision of the party is made by majority vote, all members are expected to uphold that decision.
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