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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lindow Man
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This was discovered in a peat bog in Cheshire, England. The approximate date is the Iron Age, sometime from 2 BCE to 119. Significance is that he may be an example of the “triple death.” This is a ritual form of execution where the person being sacrificed was sacrificed to three different deities.
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Relief from Gundestrup Cauldron
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The Location where this was found is Denmark. The approximate date of this image is thought to date between 200 BCE to 300 CE, within the La Tene period or early Roman Iron Age. The significance of this image is it could be a reference to Branwen, Daughter of Llyr. In the story Bendigeidfran gives Matholwch a cauldron in recompense for his horses having been mutilated by Efnisien. This “cauldron of rebirth” can bring dead soldiers back to life, with the caveat that they cannot speak. This image on the Gundestrup Cauldron may be a reference to the cauldron of rebirth, in the fact that it looks like the soldiers are being pulled from a cauldron in the image. However, we cannot know this for sure, because we lack the cultural competence to really understand the image.
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Golden Torc
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The location where this was found was a Torc hoard from Celtic England. The significance of this image is it is an example of La Tene Celtic artwork. This was the age of Celtic expansion, when Celtic culture solidified and came into its own. Since this torc was found with many other torcs, it raises questions about these ritual depositories. What were the Celts trying to accomplish by burying these things? It implies a strong connection with the otherworld, and maybe even an attempt to communicate with the otherworld by means of these ritual deposits.
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Gundestrup Cauldron
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The Location where this was found is Denmark. The approximate date of this image is thought to date between 200 BCE to 300 CE, within the La Tene period or early Roman Iron Age. One important thing the Gundestrup Cauldron illustrates is the mythic imagent. The mythic imagent is the minimum amount of information a person needs to experience a myth. The amount of information a person needs depends on cultural competence, or having enough knowledge of the culture to somewhat understand what is going on. So, with this image, we can tell that it is a mythic scene, but because we have little cultural competence in regards to it, we can’t really understand the meaning.
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Carved stone head from Entremont
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It is from Entremont, Gaul, from about 170 BCE. This could be a reference to the Celtic cult of severed heads. One interesting example of another could be reference to this cult is in Branwen, daughter of Llyr, the second branch of the Mabinogi. Bendigeidfran, the king of Britain, is mortally wounded in a war, and he asks that his head be cut off and carried back to Britain, where it lives on for 80 years. This illustrates that the Celts possibly took severed heads to be a sign of deity or from the otherworld.
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William Bascom Chart
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Composed in 1961. This chart provides a good visual definition of Myth, Legend, and Folktale. It is useful in the way it illustrates the similarities or differences between these genres.
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Savagery - barbarism - civilization chart
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Date: 19th Century. This chart, sequence, of which Andrew Lang was a proponent, proposes the Survivals Theory of cultural evolution. According to Lang, all civilizations pass through these same stages. All “Savages,” according to Lang, are the same. They have no agency, and are therefore sort of automated transmitters. Thus in them can be found the “lore” which it was common in Lang’s time to believe was fading and needed to be saved from oblivion.
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