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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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enzyme |
an organic catalyst (usually a protein) that accelerates a specific chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required for that reaction |
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valence electrons |
the electrons in the outer electron shell, known as the valence shell, of an atom; in the formaton of a chemcial bond an atom can acept electrons into its valence shell or donate or share valence electrons |
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heterozygous |
having a pair of unlike alleles for a particula locus |
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structural formula |
a type of chemical formula that shows the spatial arrangement of the atoms in a molecule |
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protons |
a particle present in the nuclei of all atoms that has one unit of positive charge and a mass of 1 atomic mass unit |
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evolution |
any cumulative genetic changes in a population form generation to generation. evolution leads to difference in populations and explains the origin of all the organisms that exist today or have ever existed |
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entropy |
disorderliness; a quantitative measure of the amount of the random, disordered energy taht is unavailable to do work |
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holdfast |
the basal structure for attachement to solid surfaces foun in multicellular algae |
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zygote |
the 2n cell that results from teh union of n gametes in sexual reporduction. species taht are not polyplid have haploid gametes adn diploid zygotes |
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chlorophyll |
a group of ligth-trapping green pigments foun in most photosynthetic organisms |
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autosomes |
a chromosomes otehr than sex choromosome |
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molecule |
teh smallest particle of a covalently bonded element or compound; two or more atoms joined by covalent bonds |
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aerobic respiration |
cellular respiration is the process exergonic (reby which cells generate ATP through a series of redox reactions. In aerobic cellular respiration the terminal electron acceptor is molecular oxygen |
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exergonic (reaction) |
a reaction characterized by a release of free energy. also called spontaneous reaction |
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kilocalorie |
the amount of heat required to raise the temperatute of 1kg of water 1 degree C; also called Calorie with is equivalent to 1000 calories |
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eukaryotic (eukaryote) |
an organism whose cells have nuclei and other membrane-enclosed organelles |
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Prokaryotic (prokaryote) |
a cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; includes bacteria adn archaea |
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population |
a group of organisms of the same species that live in a defined geographic area at the same time |
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anabolism |
the aspect of metabolism in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances, resulting in the sotrage of energy, the production of new cell materials, and growth. |
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neutron |
an electrically neutral particle with a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu) found in the atomic nucleus. |
