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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Def: powerless, lack of respresentation, and freedom.
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The World Bank PovertyNet definition of poverty
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Def: Universal insurance that is open to anyone without health insurance and aren't eligible for Medicaid or SCHIP
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CareLink
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Def: A person who has no fixed nighttime residence or one that's designed to provide temporary shelter or is a public or private place not intended to provide sleeping accomodations for human beings.
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Homelessness
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Def: hunger, lack of shelter, being sick and not being able to see a doctor, no access to school and not knowing how to read
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poverty
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Def: everywhere at the same time
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ubiquitous
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Def: differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of dz and other adverse hlt conditions that exist among specific population groups in the US
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health disparities
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Def: conditions in which ppl are born, grow, live, work and age, including the hlt system
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social determinants of Hlt
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Def: the unfair and avoidable differences in hlt status seen within and between countries
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hlt inequities
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Def: relating to what is basic
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fundamental
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Def: association b/w disorder and crime
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Broken Windows Theory
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Def: circumstances are shaped by the distribution of money, power, and resources at global, national and local levels, which are themselves influenced by policy choices
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social determinants of hlt
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Def: ppl who have more difficulty accessing hltcare and develop hlt related problems and experience a poor outcomes or shorter life span
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vulnerable population
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What are mostly responsible for health inequities?
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social determinants of hlt
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What makes someone vulnerable?
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One has aggravating factors that place them AT GREATER RISK for ongoing poor hlt status than other at risk ppl.
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What theory suggests that the appearance of physical environment provides direct messages that regulates individual bx?
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broken window theory
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Def: bx that individuals engage in that increases likelihood of developing or sustaining an injury or disability at some time in the future.
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risk
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What is the income requirement to be eligible for CareLink?
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household income not to exceed 300% of the Federal Poverty Level
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Name 4 issues related to poverty levels
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1. fluctuations in poverty level
2.shrinking of middle class 3.risk associated w/poverty 4. Illnesses that are more commonly linked with ppl in poverty |
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What are some illnesses that are more common with poverty?
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*Asthma, heart dz, DM, TB, Influenza, Arthritis
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What age range have 3 times more health conditions than people with income of 200% or more above poverty level?
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Age 45-64
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What is the disadvantage of COBRA?
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high premiums
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Name the 3 stages of homelessness.
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Episodic, temporary, and chronic
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Which stage of homelessness is when it has become the norm?
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chronic
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which stage of homelessness is when the person is continued to identify with mainstream society?
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temporary
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which stage of homelessness is when it is from time to time?
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episodic
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Def: specific objective for illness prevention and hlt promo targeting populations defined as 'at risk' and 'vulnerable'
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Healthy People 2010 objective for vulnerable populations
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Def: living standard that is considered "adequate"
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poverty index/threshold
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What are 3 fluctuations in poverty level?
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inflation, unemployment, recession
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What stage of homelessness would teens usually fall under?
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episodic
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Name ppl who would fall under temporary homelessness.
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ppl w/foreclosure, college students, disaster victims, home fires
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Who would fall under episodic homelessness?
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teens, family, unemployed, elderly w/dementia, psych pts, drug addicts
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Who would fall under chronic homelessness?
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Mainly male, mental illness, veterans, and by choice
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What is an important primary intervention for chronic homeless ppl?
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education of TB spread
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Who emphasized the importance of clean and safe environments for proper recovery to health
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NIghtingale
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Def: The nurse shares responsibility to sustain and protect the natural environment from depletion, pollution, degradation and destruction.
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ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
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Def: The sum total of all the conditions and elements which make up the surroundings and influence the development and actions of an individual.
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Environment
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Def: The state of being whole in body, mind, and spirit, especially being free from physical disease or pain. The state of being well.
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Health
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Name some simple prevention methods to avoid environmental ilnesses.
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ARI-close mouth when sneezing
Diarrhea-boil water, hand wash Resp Infx-cleaner air Malaria-Rid of stagnant water, clothes protection, not going out at dusk |
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Def: The result of what humans make, use and throw away.
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Pollution
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Is overpopulation expected to increase or decrease in the future?
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increase
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Name examples of biological hazards.
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Infectious Agents
Insects and Animals Plants |
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Name some examples of chemical and Gaseous hazards.
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Poisons
Air Pollution Water Pollution |
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Def: Occurs when pollutants overwhelm the capacity of the environment to assimilate them
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pollution
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What type of hazards are these examples of: Infectious Agents,Insects, and Animals&Plants
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Biological hazards
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What type of hazards are these examples of: Radiation, Lead, and other heavy metals, Noise
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Physical hazards
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What aggregates are at greatest risk for environmental health concerns?
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Infants and young children
Pregnant women Elderly |
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Def:The rate of the quantity of a pollutant introduced over a period of time
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Pollution
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Which level of involvement do these problems fall under? water issues, vehicle exhaust standards ,public smoking, clearing of land mines, etc.
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legislative and public policy level
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Which level of involvement do these fall under? Enforcing the use of hearing protection in high noise factories and industries & Planting trees, flowers, parks in public areas
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local community level
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Def: A disordered environment signals that behaviors normally prohibited, are tolerated.
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broken window
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Which level of legislation impose additional requirements to protect communities from environmental hazards of pollution and growth.
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local ordinances
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Which 2 are the most common type of plastic?
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PET and HDPE, easiest to recycle
(out of 7 categories) |
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What is it called when costs are the determinant of care decisions?
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fraud
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What are the objectives of healthy people 2010 for the uninsured?
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Increase in number of people with insurance including those who need specific ongoing care and pregnant women in their 1st trimester who need prenatal care.
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Why have costs risen so much?
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Increase in population served
Administrative costs Rapid advances of technology & RX Medical malpractice No political will to overhaul |
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Who can get Medicare?
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Elderly 65 or older
Permanent disability ESRF |
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Def: an integrated system for providing hltcare services so that consumers must follow certain rules designed to achieve cost savings
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Managed Care
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Def: ability to obtain health care services in a timely manner, at a reasonable cost, by a qualified practitioner, at an accessible location.
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access to healthcare
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Who is qualified for Medicaid?
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The poor
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Name the 5 types of fraud.
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Falsifying diagnoses
Upcoding Double Billing Billing for Unlicensed Providers Waiving Copays or Deductibles |
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What are 2 positive impact technology has had on healthcare?
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More empowerment and improve record-keeping and continuity of care
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What are 2 cons of technology on healthcare?
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Require education to use, more challenging for elderly
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What type of fraud is this an example of: A non certified massage therapist performs services that are billed as if the doctor did them.
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billing for unlicensed providers
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What are expectations of patients/consumers now that healthcare costs are high?
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Pts demand more control and better service, may expect quick relief for low cost, and may not get needed treatment
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What happened to fraud when federal insurance came into effect?
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Increased
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What type of fraud is it when you bill an injection as a high level complex office visit?
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upcoding
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What does control of medical costs do to quality?
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Decreases
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What type of fraud is it when 2 doctors bill for the same office visit?
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Double billing
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Def: charging for a more expensive procedure than the one that was performed.
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Upcoding
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What type of fraud is it when you bill an alcohol cessation program as psychotherapy?
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Falsifying diagosis
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Name some barriers to health care.
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Geographic
Cultural Language (health literacy) Socioeconomics Organizational structure |
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Which insurance provides free services to all whose eligible?
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Medicare Part A
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Which people is priority given to if they have Medicaid?
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Indigent children, pregnant women, and the disabled
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What are the criteria for Medicaid eligibility?
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Based on level of income, varying from state to state
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Which insurance gives the consumer free choice among providers of the services and lets them manage their own health care?
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Indemnity
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What has Medicare/Medicaid done to hospital length of stay?
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Increased
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How is Medicare Part A funded?
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Through the prospective payment system based on DRGs (diagnostic related groups) who determines inpatient reimbursement.
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Which insurance program limits the consumer's choice of providers but reduces costs.
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HMO
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Which Medicare requires a monthly fee and based on fee-for-service and capitation?
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Medicare Part B
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Which insurance uses the independent practice model?
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PPO
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Which insurance provide services at a discounted rate?
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PPO
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Def: organization of physicians and hospitals that provide services to enrollees of 1 insurance company.
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independent practice model
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What is the Welfare to Work program?
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Decreased number of ppl on welfare and placed them with minimum wage jobs with few benefits.
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Which insurance company is cost incentive and give providers the same set amount of money regardless of services?
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PPO
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What are the 3 concepts of nursing when addressing issues of access, cost, and quality?
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advocacy, activism, participatory action
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Who is in charge of the oversight and administration of all health care policies and programs nationally?
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DHHS
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Def: Statutes, Ordinances or Codes that prescribes sanitary standards and regulations for the purpose of promoting and preserving the health of the community
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Public Health Law
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Which Act introduced development of public hlt policy, public health nursing and social welfare, and how public health services are delivered today?
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Shepherd Towner Act
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Def: The principles that govern actions to obtain a desired end..
policy is or can be a consciously chosen action (or inaction) directed towards an end.. |
Politics
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What comes after a law have been established?
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Regulation to assure outcome
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Which Act authorized grants for States’ programs for Maternal and Child health?
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Shepherd-Towner Act
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Which branch passes laws?
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legislative
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Which branch administers and regulates?
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executive
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Def: the process of influencing where scare resources go
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politics
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Which branch is the Nurse Practice Act or Statutes for Boards of Nursing?
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Legislative
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def: The art of influencing others to accept a specific course of action
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politics
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Which level of government have the most power in enforcing policies?
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state
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Name the 3 stages of disaster involvement.
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Preparedness
Response Recovery |
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Who is responsible for coordinating disaster plan and directs health care response in San Antonio?
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Office of Emergency Management
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Who makes sure we are always in a state of disaster management?
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Department of Homeland Security
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Who sorts out victims and determines who is most likely to survive?
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triage
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Who has 1st priority in a disaster?
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those with life-threatening injuries but high chance of survival
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Def: an area for study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
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global health
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What are the roles of WHO?
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produce health guidelines and standards, help countries to address public health issues, supports and promotes health research, and tackle global problems
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What is the main indicator of economic progress of a country and
measures the level of child well-being? |
Under-five mortality
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Who provides special protection for the most disadvantaged children?
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UNICEF
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