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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rightsabilities |
phrase coined by Professor Vernon Jenson to highlight the tension between our right to free speech and our responsibility for our speech |
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Ethical Communication |
conscious decision to speak & listen in ways that you consider right, fair, honest & helpful to all parties involved |
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resistance |
response to diversity in which you refuse to change, and you defend your own positions or attack others |
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assimilation |
response to diversity in which you embrace new perspectives and lifestyles and reject or surrender some or most of your previous beliefs and actions |
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accommodation |
response to diversity in which you listen and evaluate views of others; both sides accept the views of others; both sides adapt, modify and bargain to reach an agreement |
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Multivocal Society |
society that actively seeks expression of a variety of voices or viewpoints |
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Civility |
Social virtue grounded in courtesy that chooses to understand and work with others |
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Heckling |
disrupting a speech by interrupting or shouting down a speaker |
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Expository Speech |
the "speech to teach" that explains an idea in detail |
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Discourse Consistency |
using a repetitive style such as alliteration of main points throughout the speech |
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redundancy |
repeating the same idea more than once, but developing it differently each time |
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Homogeneous Audiences |
listeners who are similiar in attitude |
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spinning |
selecting material that favors the speakers interests and point of view |
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pandering |
providing messages to audiences want to hear, not necessicarly what they need to hear |
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salient |
relevant or significant |
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scaled questions |
asking for responses along a continuum, used to assess attitudes |
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denotative meaning |
what a word names or identifies |
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jargon |
specalized technical vocabulary that serves the interests and activities of a particular group |
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epithet |
word or phrase with a powerful negative connotation, used to describe some quality of a person or group |
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euphemism |
word/phrase that subsitutes an inoffensive term with an offensive term |
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code switching |
changing from one dialect to another |
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antimetabole |
saying words in one phrase, and reversing them in the next phrase |
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archetypal symbol |
recurring metaphor and simile that arises from shared human and natural experiences |
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hedges |
words such as "i think" or "kinda" that can lead listners to distrust you |
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Premise |
claim that provides reasons to support a conclusion |
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enthymemes |
argument in which a permise or conclusion is unstated |
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qualifer |
word/phrase that clarifies, modifies, or limits the meaning of another word or phrase |
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Logos |
logical appeals |
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Ethos |
credibility appeals by how the speaker is trusted |
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pathos |
emotional appeals by the stimulation of feelings of audience |
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mythos |
appeals to cultural beliefs |
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syllogism |
form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, minor premise, and conlusion |
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fallacy |
error in making an argument |
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False delimma fallacy |
argument in which speaker reduces available choices to only two even though other alternatives exist |
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begging the question |
argument in which a speaker uses a premise to imply the truth of the conclusion or asserts that the validity of the conclusion is self-evident |
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slippery-slope fallacy |
argument in which a speaker asserts that one event will necessarily lead to another without showing any logical connection between the two events |
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ad ignorantiam fallacy |
argument in which a speaker suggests that b/c a claim hasent been shown to be false, it must be true |
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red herring |
argument that indicates irrelevant evidence to distract an audience from the real issue |
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comparative evidence fallacy |
argument in which a speaker uses stats/numbers in ways that misrepresent the evidence and mislead the audience |
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ad populum fallacy |
argument in which a speaker appeals to popular attitudes and emotions w/out offering evidence to support claims |
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appeal to tradition fallacy |
argument in which a speaker asserts that the status quo is better than any new idea or approach |
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division fallacy |
arguemnt in which a speaker assumes that what is true of the whole is also true of the parts that make up the whole |
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hasty generalization fallacy |
argument in whcih a speaker draws a conclusion based on too few inadequate examples |
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post hoc fallacy |
argument in which a speaker concludes a casual relationship exists simply b/c one event follows another in time |
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weak analogy fallacy |
arguemnt in which a speaker compares two things that are dissimlar, making the comparison inaccurate |
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ad hominem fallacy |
claim based on that speakers character rather than the evidence the speaker presents |
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guilt by association fallacy |
something is wrong w/ another speakers claims by association of those claims w/ someone the audience finds objectionable |
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straw man fallacy |
misrepresents another speakers argument so that only a shell of the opponents argument remains |
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loaded word fallacy |
uses emotionally laded words to evaluate claims based on misleading emotional response rather than the evidence presented |