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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The precursor of radio technology- Invented in the 1840's
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Telegraph
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Series of dots and dashes that stood for letters in the alphabet
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morse code
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invisible electronic impulses similar to visible light.
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Electromagnetic waves
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A form of voicless point to point communication
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wireless telegraphy
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Latters interest in WIRELESS VOICE AND MUSIC TRANSMISSIONS..
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Wireless telephony
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once an agricultural term that refered to the process of casting seeds over a large area, would come to mean the transmission of radio waves to a broad public audience.
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Broadcasting
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person to person communication like the telegraph and the telephone
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narrowcasting
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In the wake of the Titanic tragedy, congressed passed the _____________ which adressed the problem of amatuer radio operators increasingly cramming the waves. Because radio waves crossed state and national borders,legislators determined that broadcasting constituted a natural resource.
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Radio Act of 1912.
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new company that soon acquired American Marconi and radio patents of other U.S. companies.
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Radio Corporation of America. (RCA)
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CBS paid affiliate stations 50 dollars per hour for an option on a portion of their time.
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Option time
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this act stated an extemely important princicple... licensees did not own their channels but could only license them as long as they operated to serve the public interest, convenience, or necessity.
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Radio act of 1927
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to oversee licenses and negotiate channel problems the 1927 act created the _______ ________ ________
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Federal Radio Commision. FRC
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The FRC was so powerful it became the ___
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FCC
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Small electrical devices that, like vacuum tubes, could receive and amplify radio signals.
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Transistors
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Static free radio reception. Greater fidelity and clarity. IDEAL for music.
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FM
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stressed the volume, or height, of radio waves.
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AM
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management rather than deejays controlled programing each hour.
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Format Radio
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Playing the top songs many times during the day.
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Rotation.
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What emerged as an alternative to conventional forms?
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Progressive rock.
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between 6 and 9 AM. and 4 and 7 pm when people are commuting to and from work or school.
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drive time
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midddle of the road or MOR, amongs radios oldest and most popular formats, reaching almost 15 percent of all listeners, most of them older than forty, with an eclectic mix of news, talk, oldies, and soft rock music.
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Adult Contemporary (AC) format
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top 40 hits. from rap to pop punk songs. still appeals to many teens and young adults.
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Contemporary hit radio. CHR
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The genre that claims the most statins. more than two thousand, nearly twice as many stations as those with the news/talk format . BOOOOOOOOO!!
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Country. BOOOOOOOOO!!
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Created as the first non commericial networrks
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National Public Radio (NPR)
Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) |
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the practice of making audio files avaliable on the Internet so listeners can download them onto their computers and transfer them to portable MP3 players or listen to the files on the computer.
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podcasting
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Digital technology that eneables AM and FM radio broadcasters to multicast two or three additional compressed digital signals within their traditional analog frequency.
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HD radio.
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promotional strategy that typically involves up-front payments from record companies to radio stations to play a song a specific number of times.
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Pay-for-play
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Changed the rules concerning ownership of the public airwaves because the fcc eliminated most ownership restrictions on radio.
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Telecommunications Act of 1996
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class of 10-and 100 watt stations in order to give voice to loca groups lacking access to the public airwaves.
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Low-power FM (LPFM)
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when did radio become a full blown mass medium?
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1920's
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who was the telegraph created by?
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Samuel Morse
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whoo theorized the existence of electromagnetic waves? and when?
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James Maxwell.
mid 1860's |
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who showed that electricity, magnetism, light, and heat are part of the same electromagnetic spectrum and radiate in space at the speed of light, about 186,000 miles per second?
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James Maxwell.
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who theorized that a portion of these phneomena, later known as radio waves, could be harnessed so that signals could be sent from a transmittion point to a reception point.
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James Maxwell
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Who proved Maxwells theories?
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HERTZ
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who created a crude device that permitted an electrical spark to leap across a small gap between two steel balls.
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Hertz
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What did hertz do ? his experiment? explain in detail.
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Created a crude device that permitted an electrical spark to leap across a small gap between two steel balls. As the electricity jumped the gap, it emitted electromagnetic waves; this was the first recorded transmission and reception of a radio wave!
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who's experiment significantly advanced development of wireless communication
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Hertz
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who was the self-educated Italnian engineer that understood hertz work and realized it would transform communication, the military, and commericial shipping?
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MARCONI
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what did marconi understand about hertz work..what would it transform?
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communication, the military, and commercial shipping
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What did marconi realize about the telegraph...
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it was limited by their wires.
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What was Marconi's goal?
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make wireless technology practical
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who attached a spark gap transmitter to a Morse telegraph key, which could send out dot- dash signals. The electrical impulses traveled into a morse inker, the machine that telegraph operators used to record the dots and dashes onto narrow strips of paper.
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Marconi
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who discovered that grounding- connecting the transmitter and receiver to the earth-greatly increased the distance over which he could send signals?
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Marconi
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in 1886 marconi traveled to england. Received patent on wireless telegraphy...
TRUE OR FALSE |
TRUE
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what are some of Marconi's acomplishments?
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-receieved patent on wireless telegraphy
-formd the marconi wireless telegraph company.(later known as British Marconi) -Began installing wireless technology on brittish naval and private commercial ships -opened branch in the United States, AMERICAN marconi -sent first wireless morse code signal across the english channel to france - he relayed the first wireless signal across the Atlantic Ocean. |
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Marconi saw wireless telegraphy as a one to many mass medium?
TRUE OR FALSE |
False.
He DIDNT see it as that. he saw it as point to point communication, much like the telegraph and telephone. |
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True or false. Marconi is usually cited as the father of radio but another inventor unknown to him was doing the same thing,, his name was ______ _______?
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TRUE. Alexander Popov. a professor of physics.
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who is known to be the inventor of radio...
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Telsa
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who liked to call himself the father of radio?
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LEE DE FOREST
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what did LEE DE FOREST want to do to marconi...
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CHALLENGE him!
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what was the problem that lee de forest came across.. that would persist throughout radio's early development.....?
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Noise and interference from competition for the limited supply of radio waves.
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What was LEE DE FOREST'S biggest breakthrough invention?
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development of Aduion, or triode, VACUUM TUBE!
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what did the vacuum tube do?
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detected radio signals and then amplified them.
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why was the vacuum tube helpful?
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It GREATLY improved listeners ability to hear dots and dashes and later, speech and music on a receiver set.
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LEE DE FOREST's modifications were essential to the development of what?
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voice transmission, long-distance radio, and television.
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TRUE OR FALSE..
The vacuum tube is considered to be the beginning of modern electronics. |
TRUE
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who was the first voice broadcast?
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Reginald Fessenden
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Fessenden was responsible for quickly moving radio from what..to what?
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Point-to point to one-to many
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true or false
In 1907 Fessenden talked on the radio? |
FALSE..
He played music! let there be music my fucking friends. lets fucking goooo!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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whats a big thing Fessenden is known for?
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made radio be passed from an inventors toy in the novelty stage to the entrepreneurial stage.
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Who made radio be passed from an inventor's toy in the novelty stage to the entrepreneurial stage.
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REGINALD FESSENDEN. Amanda fessenden.
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what is the radio act of 1912..
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transmitting on radio waves would require licensing because of amateur radio operators increasingly cramming the airwaves.
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Transmitting on radio waves would require licensing because of amateur radio operators increasingly cramming the airwaves,
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radio act of 1912
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impact of world war 1 on the new medium radio..
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problems of not wanting a foreign company to rule the American radios..
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What did the president during world war 1 want to make sure about radio?
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That radio communication serves only americans interests.
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WHO developed a compromise plan that would create a monopoly, a private company that would have the governments approval to dominate the radio industry?
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GE
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under RCA's patents pool arrangement, what companies were combined to ensure U.S control over the manufacture of radio transmitters and receivers?
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the navy, at&t, GE, the former American Marconi
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what was RCA's most significant impact?
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gave the United States almost toal control over the emerging mass medium of broadcasting.
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RCA ensured total ________!
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dominance!
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who was the first disk jockey?
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Frank Conrad
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what was the first commercial broadcast station?
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KDKA
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what did they do to the radios...put them in nice pieces of what? and in 1925 how many were sold in america?
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Furniture.
5.5 million |
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!why did RCA unravel?
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AT&T were selfish little bitches and decided to be the best and MONOPOLIZE radio. So being the selfish faggots they are they broke their partnership with RCA . BOOOYA!
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who put radio in cars? *** (turned off by sex so he became a dork)
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SARNOFF.
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who hooked up with victor talking machine company and what did they do?
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Sarnoff (that savy little bitch) they produced records
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what did sarnoff decide to do with his associates to carry his program
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pay them 500 dollars a week
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who created NBC?
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SARNOFF
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who was NBC's ownership company? what were each percentages?
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RCA-50 percent
GE-30 percent Westinghouse-20 percent |
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who ends the RCA-NBC monopoly?
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the government scrutiny
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why does the government end RCA-NBC monopoly?
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They don't like the news source coming from one place.. (it makes sense, i wouldn't like that either)
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NBC buys who ( after the government ends the monopoly)?
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RCA and GE
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sarnoff created two NBC's..
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NBC BLUE and NBC RED
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What is NBC blue?
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Radio Group
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What is NBC red?
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Telephone Group
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who challenged NBC ?
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CBS and Paley
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who decided he wants to be in the business of CBS?
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Bill Paley
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Bill Paley offers how much per hour?
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50 dollars
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People go to CBS...why?
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BETTER DEAL!
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Who ran CBS for over 40 years?
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BILL PALEY
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Radio operators could not own the radio channel. but they could license the channel..which act is this?
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Radio Act of 1927
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What are affiliates?
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People that carry their network programming
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what was 2 things that make radio better than tv?
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Smaller.
The idea of FM |
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a radio station that talk about a niche topic? (Lakers talk show AM 7 10)
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Format Specialization
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(THE EARLY YEARS OF NONPROFIT RADIO)
Who started the pacifica Foundation to run experimental public stations? |
Lewis Kimball
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Who approved 10- watt FM stations?
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FCC
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What programing consists of a type of format that was loosely structured and had different types of music, and different types of talk shows?
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NPR
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they don't make a lot of money, no commericals, broader selection because they don't have sponsorship, therefore they don't have to answer to anyone. They play what they want too! what kind of radio is this?
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Non Profit radio
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what is one type of internet radio?
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Streaming
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NPR and PBS were mandated to privde alternatives to commercial broadcasting under what provision?
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PUBLIC BROADCASTING ACT of 1976whg
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what is the public broadcasting act of 1967?
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?
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