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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Channel |
the medium through which the message passes |
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Co-Culture |
Smaller parts of a whole society marked by differentnotions of appropriate behavior |
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Cognitive Complexity |
the ability to construct a variety of frameworks for viewing an issue |
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Communication Competence |
involvesachieving one’s goals in an appropiate manner that effectively maintainsor enhances the relationship in which it occurs |
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Content Dimension |
communication involving the informationbeing explicitly discussed |
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Decode |
the person who makes sense of the message |
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Disinhibition |
the tendency totransmit messages without considering their consequences |
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Dyad |
two interacting people |
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Encode |
to put thoughts into symbols and gestures |
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Environment |
fields of experience that affect how one understands others’ behavior |
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Impersonal Communication |
whenquality of interaction is the criterion, the opposite of interpersonal communication; not group, public, or mass communication. |
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Instrumental Goals |
getting others to behave in ways we want |
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Interpersonal Communication |
a transactional process involvingparticipants who occupy different but overlappingenvironments and create relationships through theexchange of messages, many of which are affectedby external, physiological, and psychological noise |
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Leanness |
describesmessages that are stark from a lack of nonverbal information |
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Linear Communication Model |
depicts communication as something a sender“does to” a receiver |
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Message |
the information being transmitted
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Noise |
distractions that disrupt transmission |
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Receiver |
the person attending to the message |
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Relational Dimension |
expresses how you feel about the otherperson |
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Richness |
describes the abundanceof nonverbal cues that add clarity to a verbal message |
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Self-Monitoring |
the process of paying closeattention to one’s behavior and using these observations to shape the way one behaves |
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Sender |
the person creating the message |
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Social Media |
describes all thechannels that make remote personal communication possible |
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Transactional Communication Model |
updates and expands the linearmodel to better capture communication as a uniquely human process |
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Benevolent Lie |
a lie that is unmalicious, or even helpful, to the person to whom it is told |
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Breadth |
volunteered—therange of subjects being discussed |
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Cognitive Conservatism |
the tendency to seek and attend to information that conforms to an existing self-concept |
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Depth |
the shiftfrom relatively impersonal messages to more personal ones |
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Face |
a public image—the way wewant others to view us |
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Identity Management |
the communication strategies that people use to influence how others viewthem |
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Johari Window |
a diagram showing four parts of the self, including the open, blind, hidden and unknown areas |
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Perceived Self |
a reflection of the self concept |
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Personality |
characteristic ways that you think and behave across a variety of situations |
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Presenting Self |
a public image—the way wewant others to view us; face |
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Privacy Management |
the choices people make to reveal orconceal information about themselves |
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Reference Groups |
groups against which we compare ourselves; they play animportant role in shaping our view of ourselves |
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Reflected Appraisal |
the fact that each of us developsa self-concept that reflects the way we believe others seeus |
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Self-Concept |
the relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself |
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Self-Disclosure |
the process of deliberatelyrevealing information about oneself that is significant and would not normallybe known by others |
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Self-Esteem |
evaluations of self-worth |
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Self=Fulfilling Prophecy |
when a person’s expectations of an event, andhis or her subsequent behavior based on those expectations, make the event morelikely to occur than would otherwise have been true |
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Significant Others |
people whose opinions we especially value |
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Social Comparison |
evaluating ourselves in terms of how we compare with others |
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Social Penetration |
a means of measuring self-disclosure in terms of depth and breadth |
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Andrygynous |
One of four psychological sex types, combiningmasculine and feminine traits |
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Attribution |
the process of explaining people’s behavior |
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Empathy |
the ability to re-create another person’s perspective, to experience the worldfrom the other’s point of view |
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Ethnocentricism |
the attitude that one’s own culture is superior toothers |
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Gender Roles |
socially approved ways that men and women are expected tobehave |
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Halo Effect |
the tendency to forman overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic |
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Interpretation |
attaching meaning to sense data |
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Narrative |
the stories we use to describe our personal world |
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Negotiation |
occurs between andamong people as they influence one another’s perceptions and try to achievea shared perspective |
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Organization |
arranging information from the environment in some meaningful way |
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Perception Checking |
a tool for helping youunderstand others accurately instead of assuming thatyour first interpretation is correct - description of the behavior you noticed - at least two possible interpretations of the behavior - a request for clarification about how to interpret the behavior |
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Pillow Method |
viewing an issue from four perspectives - I’m Right, You’re Wrong - You’re Right, I’m Wrong - Both right,both wrong - The issue isn'timportant - There's truth inall perspectives |
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Punctuation |
the determination of causes and effectsin a series of interactions |
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Selection |
the process of choosing which impressions we will attend to |
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Self-Serving Bias |
the tendency to judge ourselves in the most generous termspossible |
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Stereotyping |
exaggerated generalizationsassociated with a categorizing system |
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Sympathy |
viewing the otherperson’s situation from your own point of view |
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Debilitative Emotions |
feelings that detract from effective functioning |
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Emotional Contagion |
the process by which emotionsare transferred from one person to another |
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Emotional Intelligence |
the ability to understand and manage one’s ownemotions and be sensitive to others’ feelings |
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Emotion Labor |
situations in which managingand even suppressing emotions is both appropriate andnecessary |
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Facilitative Emotions |
Feelings that contribute toeffective functioning |
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Fallacy of Approval |
a fallacy based on the idea that it is notonly desirable but also vital to get the approval of virtually every person |
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Fallacy of Catastrophic Expectations |
the assumptionthat if something bad can possibly happen, it will |
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Fallacy of Helplessness |
the fallacy that suggests that satisfactionin life is determined by forces beyond your control |
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Fallacy of Causation |
the fallacy based on the irrational beliefthat emotions are caused by others rather than by one’s own self-talk |
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Fallacy of Overgeneralization |
a fallacy comprising two types: - basing a belief on a limited amount ofevidence - exaggeration of shortcomings |
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Fallacy of Perfection |
The assumption that a worthwhile communicator should be able tohandle every situation with complete confidence and skill |
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Fallacy of Shoulds |
the inability to distinguishbetween what is and what should be |
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Reappraisal |
rethinking the meaningof emotionally charged events in ways that alter their emotional impact |
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Rumination |
dwelling persistently on negative thoughts that,in turn, intensify negative feelings |
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Self-Talk |
it is not events that determine emotionsthat cause peopleto feel bad, but rather the beliefs they hold about these events; what we tell ourselves
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