Communication: Research And Theory

Front 1

Fundamental Assumptions

Back 1

What you see on TV cultivates attitudes.

Ex. Seeing lots of violence cultivates social paranoia, television gives you a picture of reality and what is right, and is the primary storyteller in homes.

Front 2

Mainstreaming

Back 2

The blurring, blending, and bending process by which heavy TV viewers develop a common socially conservative outlook through the constant exposure to the same images.

Front 3

Resonance

Back 3

Violence on TV will resonate back to us when we are in a scary situation, such as a dark alley, if we saw a violent scene take place there on TV.

Front 4

The Agenda Setting Hypothesis

Back 4

The mass media have the ability to transfer the salience of issues on their new agenda to the public agenda.

Front 5

Media Agenda

Back 5

The pattern of news coverage across major print and broadcast media measured by the prominence and length of stories.

Front 6

Public Agenda

Back 6

The most important public issues as measure by public opinion surveys.

Front 7

Who sets the agenda for the agenda setters?

Back 7

-The "Media elite" owners publishers
-Spin doctors- particularly media lobbying
-PR professionals
-Interest aggregations

Front 8

Index of curiosity

Back 8

A measure of the extent to which individuals' need for orientation motivates them to let the media shape their views.

Front 9

Framing

Back 9

The selection of a restricted # of thematically related attributes for inclusion on the media agenda when a particular object or issue is discussed.

Front 10

Fundamental Assumptions

Back 10

The spiral of silence and how it accelerates
-Increasing pressure people feel to conceal their views.

Front 11

Pluralistic Ignorance

Back 11

People's mistaken idea that everyone thinks like they do.

Front 12

Non- conformists

Back 12

People who have already been rejected for their beliefs and have nothing to lose by speaking out.

Front 13

Avant- Garde

Back 13

Intellectuals, artists, and reformers in the isolated minority who speak out because they are convinced they are ahead of the times.

Front 14

Accommodation

Back 14

The constant movement toward or away from other by changing your communicative behavior.

Front 15

Convergence

Back 15

A strategy of adapting your communication behavior to become more similar to another person.

Front 16

Divergence

Back 16

A strategy of accentuating differences between yourself and another person.
-Maintenance: Refusal to accept accommodation of others and persist or even exaggerate original communication style.
-Oveoraccomodation: Exaggerating or over-emphasizing accommodation strategies such that they become demeaning or patronizing.

Front 17

Personal Identity

Back 17

You want people to like you.

Front 18

Social Identity

Back 18

See you in a group
-define who we are.

Front 19

5 Factors that predict whether a person will see the interaction as a group identity or individual identity.

Back 19

1) Collectivistic cultural context
2) Distressing history of interaction
3) Stereotypes
4) Norms for treatment of groups
5) High group solidarity/ high group dependence.

Front 20

Factors affecting recipient evaluation of convergence and divergence.

Back 20

Attribution theory- Assumed reason for another person's behavior
+Internal views external causality.
+ We assume other people's behaviors due to their internal dispositions.

Front 21

Hofstede's 4 Dimensions

Back 21

1) Uncertainty Avoidance
2) Masculinity (emphasis)
3) Power distance (emphasis)
4) Individualism- Collectivism(What works best for me or for the group)

Front 22

High Context Cultures

Back 22

Emphasizes subtlety and empathy. (Collectivism)

Front 23

Low Context Cultures

Back 23

Emphasizes honesty and assertiveness. (Individualism)
-Ex. Why didn't you just say that?

Front 24

Face

Back 24

Public Self Image

Front 25

Face Concern

Back 25

Whose face are we concerned about mine vs. yours.

Front 26

Face Need

Back 26

2 types of needs:
- Autonomy: Needs for privacy, not be told what to do. (Individualism)
- Inclusion: Needs to be apart of the group. (Collectivistic)

Front 27

Face-restoration

Back 27

Being concerned about autonomy for yourself.

Front 28

Face- giving

Back 28

Being concerned about autonomy for someone else.

Front 29

Knowledge

Back 29

The most important dimension of facework competence. It's hard to be culturally sensitive unless you have some ideas of ways you might differ.

Front 30

Mindfulness

Back 30

Recognizing that things are not always what they seem, and therefore seeking multiple perspectives in conflict situations.