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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Human genome-
how many chroms? how many base pairs? how many genes? |
23 chroms/ haploid
3 billion base pairs 20,000-25,000 genes |
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DNA-
backbone? bases? |
phosphate
sugar (deoxyribose) adenine thymine guanine cytosine |
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base pairing-
what kind? what's paired with what? _______genome? how many base pairs? |
complementary pairing
adenine w/ thymine guanine w/ cytosine human genome 3 billion base pairs |
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Watson and Crick-
what did they discover? noble prize/when? what and what do what? |
discovered the struc. of DNA
1953 Noble Prize Double helix and base pairing facilitate accurate DNA replication |
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DNA Sequences-
genetic code? __bases( )=? how many codes for ? 3 parts for coding? |
triplet code
3 bases/ codon/ amino acid 64 codes=20 amino acids redundancy start codon stop codon |
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Gene-
unit of what? _______of______ that encodes? what is a genome? |
unit of inheritance
segment of DNA that encodes a protein total complement of genes in an organism or cell |
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Gene to Protein-
process? what does a gene create? what happens at w/ mRNA? what does it enable? what is translation? What is this process called, what does it do? |
Gene creates DNA=transcription
messanger RNA to read to put together -build protein w/ RNA -translation =protein creates DNA translation read to put together to build protein w/ RNA makes protein Protein Synthesis-DNA to proteins |
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Mutation-
what is it? what is involved? what changes? |
different versions of the same gene
alleles change in DNA sequence change in amino acid sequences |
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Commonality of Life-
what is the same? what for DNA? how many amindo acids? same what codes? same what processes? similar what, and what di they serve as? |
building blocks
ATGC 20 amino acids same genetic codes same biosynthetic processes similar enzymes catalysts for biological reactions |
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Cells as basic units of life-
outer shell? what is one of the main components, purpose? what kind of machinery? what is the energy source? |
cell membrane
nucleic acid -information storage -relay info protein synthesis machinery ATP as energy source |
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Influenza-
where? what time period? how many dead? _______flu? Components? |
Spanish flu
1918-1919 (World War I) 50 million Avian flu/ H5N1 nucleic acid (RNA) viral coat proteins |
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viral infection-
what occurs? by what? what can direct what? |
viral nucleic acids can be replicated
by human DNA synthetic mechanism viral genes direct synthesis of viral proteins in infected cells |
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genetic engineering-
what occurred in 1973? 1978? 1987? |
insert african clawed frog gene into E. Coli
FIRST HUMAN PROTEIN -genetically engineered human insulin genetically engineered tomato |
