Common Medications

Front 1

Clopidogrel

Back 1

PO Antiplatelet agent; Platelet aggregation inhibitor.

Indications: reduction of atherosclerotic events (MI, stroke, vascular death) for patients at risk (those with recent MI, unstable angina, stroke, peripheral vascular disease)

SE: bleeding. incidence of SEs similar to aspirin

Hint 1

Trade Name: Plavix

Front 2

Celecoxib

Back 2

COX2 inhibitor; Antirheumatic, NSAID. Relief for symptoms of OA, RA.

Hint 2

Trade Name: Celebrex

Front 3

Tramadol

Back 3

Centrally acting analgesic. Causes CNS depression.

Indications: moderate to severe pain. SE: dizziness, headache, solmnolence, constipation, nausea

Hint 3

Trade Name: Ultram

Front 4

Midazolam

Back 4

HIGH ALERT MEDICATION

Benzodiazepine.

Antianxiety agent, sedative/hypnotic. CNS depression- short term sedation, postoperative amnesia.

Effects can be reversed with flumazenil.

Hint 4

Trade Name: Versed

Front 5

Diclofenac

Back 5

Nonopioid analgesic, NSAID. Suppression of pain and inflammation. May require 2wk or more for max effects.

Take with food or milk

Hint 5

Trade Name: Voltaren

Front 6

Ketorolac

Back 6

Nonopioid analgesic, NSAID. Short term management of pain, not to exceed 5 days. Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, antipyretic and antiinflammatory.

Hint 6

Trade Name: Toradol

Front 7

Diphenhydramine

Back 7

Allergy, cold and cough remedies. antihistamine. antitussive. relief of allergic reactions caused by histamine release, prevention of motion sickness, mild nighttime sedation

Hint 7

Trade Name: Benadryl

Front 8

Dimenhydrinate

Back 8

Antiemetic, CNS depressant, anticholinergic, antihistaminic Indications: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo accompanying motion sickness.

SE: drowsiness, anorexia

Hint 8

Trade Name: Gravol

Front 9

Tamsulosin

Back 9

Peripherally acting antiadrenergic. Decreases contractions in smooth muscle of the prostatic capsule- decreased symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia (urinary urgency, hesitancy, nocturia)

Hint 9

Trade Name: Flomax

Front 10

Calcium Carbonate

Back 10

relief of acid indigestion or heartburn, tx of hypocalcemia, postmenopausal osteoporosis, hyperphosphatemia

Hint 10

Trade Name: Tums, calcicarb, calcite, caltrate, calci-chew

Front 11

Sodium Bicarbonate

Back 11

Alkalinizing agent. Tx for metabolic acidosis, alkalinizes urine, promotes excretion of certain drugs in overdosage situations (phenobarbital, aspirin), antacid

Hint 11

Trade Name: Baking soda, soda mint

Front 12

Venlafaxine

Back 12

SSNRI. for major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder.

Do not mix with MAOIs

Hint 12

Trade Name: Effexor

Front 13

Albuterol

Back 13

Adrenergic, bronchodilator. (inhalation) Used as a quick-relief agent. Binds to beta2(pulmonary) adrenergic receptors in smooth muscle, causing relaxation of airway smooth muscle.

Common SEs: nervousness, restlessness, tremor, chest pain, palpitations

Hint 13

Trade Name: Salbutamol, Ventolin

Front 14

Atropine

Back 14

Antiarrhythmic, antiholinergic, antimuscarinic. Indications: (IM) given pre-op to decrease oral and resp secretions, (IV) treatment of sinus bradycardia and heart block, reversal of adverse muscarinic effects of anticholinesterase agents/poisioning

Front 15

Enoxaparin

Back 15

Anticoagulant, antithrombotic, low molecular weight heparin.

Hint 15

Trade Name: Lovenox

Front 16

Dabigatran

Back 16

Anticoagulant, thrombin inhibitor. commonly used to tx A-fib

Hint 16

Trade Name: Pradaxa

Front 17

Phenytoin

Back 17

Antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant, hydantoin.Tx of seizures, ventricular arrhythmias.

Hint 17

Trade Name: Dilantin, Tremytoine

Front 18

(trade name) Levemir

Back 18

HIGH ALERT MEDICATION

Long-acting insulin, duration increases as dose increases. (6-24hrs).

Hint 18

Generic Name: Insulin Detemir

Front 19

Flumazenil

Back 19

IV only Antidote.Benzodiazepine reversal agent. Desired effects: improved LOC, decrease in respiratory depression.

Hint 19

Trade Name: Anexate, Romazicon

Front 20

(trade name) Lantus

Back 20

HIGH ALERT MEDICATION. Long-acting insulin. Provides slower prolonged constant absorption over 24hr

Hint 20

Generic name: Insulin Glargine

Front 21

Fentanyl

Back 21

opioid analgesic, opioid agonist. analgesic supplement to general anaesthesia.Do not take w grapefruit or w MAOIs w/in 14 days.

IV lasts 30min-hr. IM lasts 1-2hr.

Hint 21

Trade name: Sublimaze

Front 22

Remifentanil

Back 22

short-acting opioid analgesic, opioid agonist. analgesic supplement to general anaesthesia. do not take w grapefruit or MAOIs w/in 14 days. IV only; rapid onset, peaks in 3-5min, lasts 5-10min.

Hint 22

Ultivia

Front 23

Dexamethasone

Back 23

Steroidal antiinflammatory. Do not stop medication suddenly, as it may result in adrenal insufficiency

Hint 23

Decadron

Front 24

Pantoprazole

Back 24

Proton pump inhibitor, antiulcer agent. Enteric-coated.

Hint 24

Trade Name: Pantoloc

Front 25

Cefazolin

Back 25

Anti-infective, first generation cephalosporin.

Hint 25

Trade Name: Ancef

Front 26

Ondansetron

Back 26

Antiemetic. rapid onset with PO IV, peaks in 15-30min, and lasts 4-8hrs

Hint 26

Trade Name: Zofran

Front 27

Digoxin immune Fab

Back 27

Digoxin antidote. IV only.

Hint 27

Trade Name: Digibind

Front 28

Allopurinol

Back 28

Antigout drug, antihyperuricemic. Therapeutic effects: decreased pain in joints, decreased stone formation in kidneys, decreased uric acid levels.

-increase fluid intake to 2L/day

Hint 28

Trade Name: Aloprim

Front 29

Amiodarone

Back 29

!! Antidysrhythmic. decreases sinus rate, decreases peripheral vascular resistance. Indications: life thretaning ventricular arrhythmias unresponsive to less toxic agents.*constant close monitoring

Front 30

Beclomethasone

Back 30

INH glucocorticoid corticosteroid.Tx chronic asthma

-gargle/rinse after admin.

-do not d/c abruptly.

Front 31

Bisoprolol

Back 31

Antihypertensive, b1-blocker (cardioselective). Do not d/c abruptly; may cause angina, rebound hypertension.

Front 32

Budesonide

Back 32

INH glucocorticoid corticosteroid. for chronic asthma

Hint 32

Trade Name: Pulmicort

Front 33

Furosemide

Back 33

Loop diuretic, sulfonamide derivative. Potassium-wasting.

Hint 33

Trade Name: Lasix

Front 34

Cefitriaxone

Back 34

Broad-spectrum antibiotic. 3rd generation cephalosporin

Front 35

Citalopram

Back 35

antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SSRI. Indications: major depressive disorder, social phobia, panic disorder, anxiety, menopause, adjunct in schizophrenia.

Hint 35

Trade name: Celexa

Front 36

Clonezepam

Back 36

anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine derivative. decreases amplitude, frequency, duration and spread of discharge during minor motor seizures. uses: absence, atypical absence, akinetic, myoclonic seizures, panic disorder. D/c'ing abruptly will precipitate physical withdrawal. Common SEs: drowziness, nausea, constipation, increased salivation.

Front 37

Codeine

Back 37

Opiate analgesic, antitussive. decreases pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord level by interacting with opiate receptors. decreases cough reflex, GI motility. SEs: drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation. Notify prescriber if respirations are <10/min, shallow.

Front 38

Dalteparin

Back 38

HIGH ALERT MEDICATION

anticoagulant, low-molecular weight heparin. Indications: unstable angina/non-Q wave MI, prevention of DVT in abdominal surgery, hip replacement, or in those with restricted mobility due to illness, PE

Hint 38

Trade name: Fragmin

Front 39

Docusate

Back 39

Laxative, emollient, stool softener. Increases water and fat penetration in intestine, allows for easier passage of stool. prevention of hard, dry stools.

Hint 39

Trade name: Colace

Front 40

Dutasteride

Back 40

androgen inhibitor. treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with an enlarged prostate gland; may be used in combination with tamusolin.

Hint 40

Trade name: Avodart

Front 41

Escitalopram

Back 41

Antidepressant, SSRI. Indications: general anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, social phobia. Do not mix with MAOIs

Hint 41

Trade name:

Front 42

Ferrous fumarate/gluconate/sulfate

Back 42

Hematinic, iron preperation. Replaces iron stores needed for RBC development as well as eergy and o2 transport and use. Different types or iron contain differing amounts of elemental iron

Front 43

Fluticasone

Back 43

Corticosteroid, inhalation, antiasthmatic. used for prevention of chronic asthma during maintenance treatment in those requiring oral corticosteroids; nasal symptoms of seasonal/perrenial, allergic/nonallergic rhinitis

Hint 43

Trade name: Flovent

Front 44

Fosinopril

Back 44

Antihypertensive, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. results in dilation of arterial, venous vessels. Indications: hypertension, alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics, systolic CHF.

Hint 44

Trade name: Monopril

Front 45

Gabapentin

Back 45

Anticonvulsant. Indications: restless leg syndrome, tremors with MS, neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis, diabetic neuropathy, nystagmus, pruritus, spacticity, menopause, hot flashes, ALS, MS

Front 46

Haloperidol

Back 46

Antipsychotic, neuroleptic. Indications: psychotic disorder, control of tics, hiccups, emergency sedation of severely agitated or delirious patients, ADHD

Hint 46

Trade name: Haldol

Front 47

Lisinopril

Back 47

ACE inhibitor. Inhibits RAA system-vaosdilates-decreased BP

Front 48

Amlodipine

Back 48

"pine" = Calcium Channel Blocker

Front 49

Ramipril

Back 49

"pril" = ACE inhibitor

Front 50

valsartan

Back 50

"sartan" = ARB (angiotensin II receptor blocker)

Front 51

Irbesartan

Back 51

"sartan" = ARB (angiotensin II receptor blocker)

Front 52

atenolol

Back 52

beta1 (cardioselective) beta blocker

Front 53

bisoprolol

Back 53

beta1 (cardioselective) beta blocker

Front 54

metoprolol

Back 54

beta1 (cardioselective) beta blocker

Hint 54

lopressor

Front 55

propanolol

Back 55

beta1+2 (nonspecific) beta blocker

Front 56

timolol

Back 56

beta 1+2 (nonspecific) beta blocker

Front 57

nitroprusside

Back 57

direct-acting vasodilator. for tx of live threatening HTN that must be controlled quickly. IV- reduces BP w/in 2min. *continuous monitoring. potential for serious adverse effects

Front 58

hydralazine

Back 58

direct-acting vasodilator. largely replaced by other HTN classes- for pts who cannot control HTN through other means. potential for serious adverse effects

Front 59

Cyanobalamin

Back 59

Vitamin B12

Front 60

Sodium Polystryrene Sulfonate

Back 60

Treats hyperkalemia; exchanges sodium for potassium in the intestines, tf increasing K excretion. may cause constipation/intestinal necrosis; may give laxative concurrently

Hint 60

Kaexalate

Front 61

Disulfiram

Back 61

results in severe alcohol intolerance causing flushing, inc RR, inc HR, inc CO, sweating, headache, n/v. monitor LFTs, watch for hepatotoxicity. do NOT take alcohol when on this med

Hint 61

Antabuse

Front 62

Nifedipine

Back 62

'pine'= Calcium Channel Blocker

Front 63

Vitamin B9

Back 63

Folic Acid

Front 64

Folic Acid

Back 64

Vitamin B9

Front 65

Methotrexate

Back 65

Antimetabolite, antineoplastic. inhibits folic acid metabolism. potent immunosuppresant. *do not handle/inhale *SEs mainly in rapidly dividing tissues ex GI endothelium and bone marrow. fatal bone marrow toxicity at high doses. Do not mix w NSAIDS, ASA (toxicity, hemorrhage). Pregnancy category X

Front 66

Donepezil

Back 66

anticholinesterase inhibitor (result is increase in action of acetelcholine). Tx for Alzheimers.

Front 67

glantamine

Back 67

anticholinesterase inhibitor (result is increase in action of acetelcholine). Tx for Alzheimers.

Front 68

interferon

Back 68

cytokine secreted in response to viral stimulation. immune modulator- slows spread of virus and enhances immune system. part of nonspecific immunity. biological response modifier.

Front 69

interleukins

Back 69

cytokines, widespread effects on immune function. biological response modifier

Front 70

Streptokinase

Back 70

the first thrombolytic

Front 71

tenecteplase

Back 71

t-PA. antithrombolytic. dissolves fibrin clots. give w/in 6hrs of MI, 3hrs of CVA. restores IV patency.

Hint 71

alteplase

Front 72

adenosine

Back 72

antiarrhythmic. resores normal sinus rhythm by interrupting pathways in the AV node. IV, lasts 1-2min. continuous ECG t/o.

Front 73

risperidone

Back 73

antipsychotic, mood stabilizer. decreases dopamine and serotonin

Front 74

rifampin

Back 74

antitubercular, bactericidal. anti-TB, broad spectrum against staph. a, h. influenzae, meningococcus, etc.

Front 75

methyldopa

Back 75

adrenergic- alpha2 agonist in CNS. Tx for HTN through non autonomic (central acting) mechanisms

Front 76

zidovudine

Back 76

AZT. antiretroviral to tx AIDS

Front 77

didanosine

Back 77

ddl. antiretroviral to tx AIDS

Front 78

Humalog

Back 78

rapid-acting insulin

Front 79

NPH

Back 79

intermediate acting insulin

Front 80

mannitol

Back 80

osmotic diuretic. increases amount of fluid excretef by the kidneys and helps the body to dec pressure in the brain/eyes, also dec ICP. may be used w burns to restore urine output

Front 81

tamoxifen

Back 81

blocks estrogen. horomone therapy for breast cancer

Front 82

which wbc count is most important to watch w cancer/chemo?

Back 82

ANC absolute neutrophil count

Front 83

deficiencies of ____ and ____ contribute to neutropenia

Back 83

vit B12 and folic acid

Front 84

bumetanide

Back 84

loop diuretic

Front 85

narrowed pulse pressure: think...

Back 85

cardiac tamponade

Front 86

widened pulse pressure: think....

Back 86

increased ICP

Front 87

octreotide

Back 87

lowers liver BP (used w esophageal varices)