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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2
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Indicates 5/2, 5/4/2, or 6/4/2. Sometimes seen as 2+.
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3
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5/3
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#
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5/3#. Sometimes 3# or 3x
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What did # mean in the early 17th century?
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It indicated a major third during the early 17th century, regardless of key signature and did not necessarily mean sharped in relation to the key signature. Would also cancel a previous flat.
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What did X rarely stand for?
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X rarely stands for double sharp in figured basses until the eighteenth century.
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What did b mean in the early 17th century?
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It indicated a minor third during the early 17th century, regardless of key signature, and did not necessarily mean a flattened note in relation to the key signature. Would also cancel a previous sharp.
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What did the natural sign by itself indicate?
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5/n. The modern natural sign was not common in the early 17th century.
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What does 4 stand for?
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4 stands for 5/4(-3).
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What can 4 sometimes stand for?
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4 can sometimes stand for 4/2, 6/4, or 6/4/2. Context will determine if the 4 is part of an upper-voice suspension (4-3) or a bass-voice suspension (4/2). By the 18th century any of the three realizations listed is acceptable.
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What does 4+ stand for?
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4+/2, 6/4+, 6/4+/2. Sometimes seen as 4#. Usually moves to a 6 chord, less frequently to a 5.
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What does 5 stand for?
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5/3. Sometimes seen as 12 (17c).
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What does 5 with a horizontal line indicate?
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-5-/3 or 6/-5- Indicates a diminished fifth and is usually accompanied by a sixth (first inversion seventh chord). -5- is mostly used in France.
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What does 5+ mean?
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Indicates a raised fifth. Sometimes seen as 5# or 5n.
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What does 6 mean?
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6/3.
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What does 6+ mean?
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Raised 6. Sometimes seen as 6# or 6n.
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What does 7 mean?
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Indicates 7/5/3 or 7(-6)/3. Variants: 7/5 or 7/3
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What does -7- mean?
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-7-/5/3. Indicates a raised or lowered 7. Variants: 7# or 7n, and 7b or 7n. 18th century Italian origin. Raised 7th resolves upward. Lowered 7th resolves downward.
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What does 8 indicate?
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8/5 or unison. Used to indicate open octaves for unison passages. Can also indicate open-fifth chords lacking their 3rds.
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What does 9 indicate?
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9/5/3. Suspension that resolves to the octave. A 3 must always be present.
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What does 6/4 indicate?
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Second inversion triad. When a harmonized passing tone in the bass, 6/3 or 4/3 may be substituted.
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What does 4/3 indicate?
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Seventh chord second inversion. Generally a passing harmony corresponding to passing tones in the bass melody. 6/3 or 6/4 can usually be substituted.
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What does 4/2?
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6/4/2. Seventh chord third inversion. Generally part of a bass suspension, and usually resolves to a 6 chord when the bass changes. Tends to take palace on a strong subdivision of the meter.
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What does 7(#)/4/2 mean?
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Diminished triad over tonic pedal. Sometimes seen as 7(#)/2. Frequent in eighteenth-century recits.
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What does 8/5 mean?
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Indicates an open fifth (omit 3).
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What's the primary function of the continuo?
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Primary function of continuo is o strengthen the bass line, clarify the harmony, and energize the meter.
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What need the right hand not be?
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The right hand need not be melodically interesting, should not compete with solo lines.
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When the bass line steps, ...
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When the bass line line steps, the right hand should move in contrary motion.
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What notes may be doubled in a major chord?
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Preferably the bass, but the fifth may be doubled in a major chord.
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What notes may be doubled in a minor chord?
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Preferably the bass, but the third may be doubled in a minor chord.
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What notes may be doubled in a diminished chord?
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Preferably the third, but the bass may be doubled in a harmonic sequence.
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What notes may be doubled in a 6/4 chord?
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In a 6/4 chord, you double the bass (5th in root position chord).
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What does an oblique line through a number indicate?
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An oblique line through a number means a semitone raising of the interval so marked. This occurs often with the fourth or fifth.
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