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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Types of Employment |
Casual Part time Full time Self employed Voluntary |
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Casual Employment |
Employedon an hourly basis without access to entitlements but receive a loading tocompensate |
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Part Time Employment |
Workregular hours but fewer per week than full time employees and receiveentitlement on a pro rata basis |
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Full Time Employment |
Generallywork 38 hours a week and have a continuing employment with a range ofentitlements |
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Self Employment |
Anindividual who works for themselves |
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Voluntary Employment |
Anindividual provides services without any expectation of compensation |
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Primary Industry |
Produces raw materials from what nature has provided. Makeup 60% of Australian exports |
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Secondary Industry |
Includesall workers involve in turning raw materials into finished or semi-finishedproducts |
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Tertiary Industry |
Includes Quaternary and Quinary industries |
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Changes in Occupations |
In 1900 nearly 1/3 of the labour force worked in primaryindustries. It is now 4%. Secondary industry has also decreased, 76% of thelabour force works in service industries. |
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Changing Employee Expectation
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Labourforce is more educated and wants more challenge from their jobs and wish tobuild a career. Casual workers make up 40% of the labour force, people likework to be flexible
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Casualization of the Labour Force |
In the past 20 years casual work has become increasingly popular
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Work-Life Balance |
Employers and employees are realising the benefits of family friendly workplaces. The national paid parental leave scheme provides payment for 18 weeks within the first year after the birth of the child
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Feminisation of the Workplace |
Women comprise 48% of the workforce, have a participation rate of 59% and make up 70% of the casual workforce
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Job Security |
Employment cutbacks, automation, downsizing, increased competition from imports and non-unionised domestic companies have meant that job security is no longer guaranteed
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Technological Change |
The advent of digital technology that many jobs are being made redundant and new jobs are being created. One area of concern is the always available trap which can upset work-life balance |
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Flexible Working Conditions |
Allow employees to balance work and family obligations more effectively. Home based work, permanent part time work, job sharing and flexible hours all contribute to this.Employees and employers can often have different ideas about flexibility, often expecting the opposite to make concessions
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Benefits of Education and Training for Employees Include: |
Higher incomes Opportunities for promotion and self-improvement Adaptability A challenge Improves job satisfaction through job performance |
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Educational Pathways Include |
HSC VET TAFE Apprenticeships University Training |
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Types of Employment Contract |
Awards Enterprise Agreement Common Law Contract |
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Awards |
Cover minimum conditions of employment
Advantages: Set a minimum for pay and conditions Cover all employees performing a similar job Protect employees from exploitation Disadvantages: Inflexible Prevent recognition of individual initiative |
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Enterprise Agreement |
An negotiated agreement between an employer and employees/a union Advantages: Consultation of employees Possibility of improved pay and conditions Access to training Greater flexibility Disadvantages: Possibility of undermining award standards Possibility of job losses Greater inequality in wage rates |
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Common Law Contracts |
Cover employees who are not under and award or enterprise agreement Advantages: Right to sue for compensation Flexibility to suit the varied needs of individuals Individual initiative rewarded Disadvantages: Offer less protection Possible exploitation of employees Expense of court cases |
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Employers Will: |
Pay correct income Provide a safe, healthy, discrimination free workplace Provide a payslip showing the total amount and how its was calculated Not require the undertaking of illegal activities Abide by requirements of industrial relations legislation |
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Employees Will: |
Obey lawful and reasonable commands made by the employer
Attend work at required times Use care and skill in carrying out their work activities Act in good faith and in the interests of the employer Dress appropriately for the job Respect colleagues and the employer |
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Independant Contractors |
Have to cover their own risks that would usually be outlined in an employment agreement |
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To Be Counted as Unemployed a Person Must Be |
Without work Available to begin work Actively seeking employment |
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Full Employment |
When there is an unemployment rate no higher than between 4 and 5 percent |
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Personal Costs of Unemployment |
Poverty
Boredom Poor Health Loss of Self-Esteem Discrimination Isolation Ridicule and Prejudice Loss of Skills |
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WHS Statistics
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Every Year: 180 people are killed at work Most deaths are men under 24 Construction/agriculture industries account for 50% of these deaths 97% of work related deaths could have been prevented |
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Under WHS Employers Must Ensure |
Their workplace is safe Machinery is regularly inspected and maintained Protective clothing and adequate training are required Committees have been set up to enforce WHS |
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Under WHS Employees Must |
Comply with safety instructions Report any situations that they think may be dangerous Cooperate in the investigation of accidents in order to prevent them from happening again |
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Bullying in the Workplace |
85% of workers suffer or witness bullying in the workplace, both physical and subtle
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It Is Illegal To Discriminate On The Grounds Of a Person's |
Gender, ethnicity, age or sexual orientation Physical or mental disability Religious faith or political opinions Marital status or family responsibilities |
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Direct Discrimination |
Treating a group less favourably than another person or group in similar circumstances
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Indirect Discrimination |
Treatment which seems fair but which has an unequal or unfair impact on one person or a group compared with others
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Types of Dismissal |
Summary Dismissal Dismissal 'By Notice' Redundancy or Retrenchment |
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Invasions of Privacy |
- Performs genetic screening to deny employment to people whose future health problems might disadvantage the business. - Demands drug and alcohol testing of employees - Listen to phone call and checks web hits to determine whether they relate to the job or are being made for private purposes |
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Outsourcing |
The contracting of some tasks to outside suppliers |