Comm Midterm

Front 1

Transactional Model

Back 1

This model shows both parties as a communicator AND a sender, doing both simultaneously

Front 2

Situational Obstacles of Listening

Back 2

Message overload, message complexity, Enivronmental distractions

Front 3

Internal listening obstacles

Back 3

Preoccupation, prejudgements, lack of effort, not recognizing diverse listening styles

Front 4

Forms of ineffective listening

Back 4

pseudolistening, monopolizing, selective listening, defensive listening, ambushing, literal listening

Front 5

Perception process

Back 5

selecting, organizing, and interpreting objects

Front 6

Selecting (Perception)

Back 6

Deciding what information to take in

Front 7

Organizing (Perception)

Back 7

Deciding how to prioritize the information taken in

Front 8

Interpreting (Perception)

Back 8

Deciding what that information means

Front 9

Influence on perception

Back 9

fatigue, hunger, biological cycles, senses, age, health, cultural differences, social roles, self concept

Front 10

Perception Barriers

Back 10

self serving bias, influenced by what is most obvious (ignoring details, cling to first impressions, assume others are similiar to us, focus on the negative, over-generalizing, preferring simple explanations, see only bad/good

Front 11

Language

Back 11

Language consists of symbols, which are representations of people, events and all that goes on around and in us.

Front 12

Types of communication

Back 12

verbal, vocal, nonverbal, nonvocal

Front 13

Climate Communication

Back 13

The creating and sustaining of an open, engaged atmosphere for discussion

Front 14

Defensive v. Supportive Behaviors

Back 14

Evaluation v. Description, Certainty v. Provisionalism, Strategy v. Spontaneity, Control v. Problem Orientation, Neutrality v. Empathy, Superiority v. Equality

Front 15

Nonverbal/Nonvocal Communication

Back 15

Nonverbal communication consists of symbols that are not words such as facial expressions, dress, and tone of voice

Front 16

Non Verbal behaviors

Back 16

Repeat verbal messsages, highlight verbal communication, complement or add to words, contradict verbal messages, substitution for verbal ones.

Front 17

Guideline for effective nonverbal communication

Back 17

monitor your nonverbal communication, interpret others' nonverbal communication tentatively,

Front 18

Nonverbal nonvocal

Back 18

kinesics, face and eyes, touch, physical attractiveness, clothing artifacts, proxemics, territoriality, chronemics, physical environment

Front 19

Gestures

Back 19

Illustrators, Emblems, Adaptors/manipulators

Front 20

Illustrators

Back 20

simples movements of the hands and arms that accompany the verbal

Front 21

Emblems

Back 21

have a verbal translation or counterpart ('okay' sign)

Front 22

Adaptors/Manipulators

Back 22

hand gestures that are often unconcious and brings away from what is beig said

Front 23

Nonverbal Functions

Back 23

Repeating, Substituting, Complementing, Accenting, Regulating, Contradicting

Front 24

Confirming Messages

Back 24

Recognition, acknowledgement, endorsement

Front 25

Disconfirming Messages

Back 25

Verbal abuse, interrupting, ambiguous, incongruous, irrelevant, impresonal, impervious

Front 26

Conflict

Back 26

The expression of different views, interests, and goals and the perception of differences as incompatible or in opposition by people who depend on each other.

Front 27

Listening Process

Back 27

Hearing/selecting, attending, understanding/interpreting, responding, remembering

Front 28

Being mindful (Listening)

Back 28

Focus on the person with whom they are interacting

Front 29

Physically Receiving Communication (Listening)

Back 29

Hearing sounds, interpreting nonverbal behaviors, reading lips or ASL

Front 30

Selecting and Organizing Communication (Listening)

Back 30

Choosing and deciphering what communication is the most pertenant to us

Front 31

Interpreting Communication (Listening)

Back 31

putting together all that we have selected to make sense of the communication

Front 32

Responding

Back 32

Expressing interest, asking questions, voicing our own ideas on a topic, and otherwise communicating attentiveness

Front 33

Remembering

Back 33

focusing our attention on particularly important parts

Front 34

Quantitative Research

Back 34

Descriptive statistics measure human behavior in terms of quantity, frequency, or amount.

Front 35

Qualitative Research

Back 35

Provides non-numerical knowledge about communication.

Front 36

Critical Research

Back 36

Identify and challenge communication practices that oppress, marginalize, or otherwise harm individuals and social groups

Front 37

Poor Listening Habits

Back 37

Pseudolistening, monopolizing, selective listening, insulated listening, defensive listening, ambushing, literal/intensive listening

Front 38

Models of Communication (Action)

Back 38

One person talking to another in a straight line. (Linear)

Front 39

Models of Communication (Interaction)

Back 39

One person talking to another. Then the other gives feed back.

Front 40

Models of Communication (Transaction)

Back 40

Both parties involved are the senders and recievers SIMULTANEOUSLY with the realms of experience involved.

Front 41

Intrapersonal Commmunication

Back 41

Self talk. Only one involved

Front 42

Interpersonal Communication

Back 42

Involves two people. Normally a unique relationship

Front 43

Group Communication

Back 43

3-12 people involved. Uniquness is diminished slightly.

Front 44

Public Communicatio

Back 44

Audience is PHYSICALLY PRESENT. The medium doesn't make a difference.

Front 45

Mass Communication

Back 45

Audience is NOT physically present.

Front 46

Intercultural Communication

Back 46

When the differences between two individuals are great enough to impact the communication.

Front 47

Organizational Communication

Back 47

Professional Context

Front 48

What are the two ways to respond non defensively to critisism?

Back 48

Seek more information or Agree

Front 49

Woods Definition of Conflict

Back 49

Conflict occurs when
people who DEPEND on each other have differenct views, interests, values, responsibilities, or objectives and PERCEIVE their differences as incompatible.

Front 50

Wilmot and Hocker Definition

Back 50

conflict is an EXPRESSED struggle between two INTERDEPENDET parties who PERCEIVE incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interferences from the other party in achieving their goals.

Front 51

Conflict Process

Back 51

Prior condition, frustration awareness, active conflict, resolution stage, aftermath stage

Front 52

Myths of Conflict

Back 52

Can be avoided, always occurs because of misunderstanding, is always bad and a sign of poor interpersonal relationship, can always be resolved

Front 53

Conflict Styles (Non Assertive Behavior)

Back 53

not face the conflit with a win/win mentality (avoidance, accommodation)

Front 54

Conflict Styles (Direct Aggression)

Back 54

looking at the conflict as a win/lose. The only way you win is if they lose (competitive)

Front 55

Conflict Styles (Passive Aggression)

Back 55

getting what you want in an obscure way. Getting things done that are unknown to the other.

Front 56

Conflict Styles (Indirect Communicatio)

Back 56

Going around the situation by using stories or a third party.

Front 57

Conflict Styles (Assertion)

Back 57

Trying to fix the conflict with compromise (win/lose win/lose). Or collaboration (win/win)

Front 58

How can you listen for learning better (Informational Listening)

Back 58

talk less, get rid of distractions, don't judge prematurely, look for key ideas, ask questions, use aids, paraphrase

Front 59

Communication Basics

Back 59

transactional, a process, symbolic, has content and relational components, unavoidable, irreversible, unrepeatable, can be intentional and unintentional, more is not always better, is not a cure all, not a natural ability