Comm 226- Chapter7

Front 1

feasibility study

Back 1

detailed investigation and analysis of proposed development project thats undertaken to determine whether its technically and economically possible to successfully build the syst.

Front 2

Financially feasible project

Back 2

if org. can pay for project
-and project presents sound investment of org.s limited resources
-ways to measure: ROI, NPV, IRR

Front 3

___costs and benefits can easily be applied (e.g salary of software developers)
a. tangible
b. intangible

Back 3

tangible

Front 4

____ costs and benefits are difficult to measure in monetary terms
a. tangible
b. intangible

Back 4

b. intangible

Front 5

3 options to obtain an IS

Back 5

1. buy
2. build
3. lease

Front 6

When time an cost have greater importance than comp. adv or customization, firms often pursue ____ or ____

Back 6

buying or leasing

Front 7

Adv of buying

Back 7

faster
less costly than building

Front 8

disav. of buying

Back 8

-little/no compt. adv
-dependent on vendor

Front 9

adv. of leasing

Back 9

- lowest cost
-fastest to put in place
-vendors in charge of maintenance and updates
- does not require in-house IS Staff

Front 10

Disadv. of leasing

Back 10

- no comp. adv.
- little/no control over syst features
- dependence on vendor
-can get locked into undesirable contract

Front 11

Adv of building

Back 11

- comp. adv
-complete control over syst
-customization

Front 12

Disadv. of building

Back 12

- long time
-high cost
- require IS staff with time and develp. knowled.

Front 13

In-house development(own staff) ADV.

Back 13

- complete control
- internal knowledge built thru learning and experience.

Front 14

in- house devel. disadv

Back 14

- higher develop. time and costs
- distraction of inhouse IS staff from oher duties

Front 15

outsourcing( hiring another company) adv

Back 15

- high level of skill, expertise
-internal staff provides project oversight ( less time intensive)
- lower time & costs

Front 16

Outsourcing disadv.

Back 16

- lost of control (giving outsourcer decision-making authority)
- internal staff less opport. to build experience.
- requires good contracts & oversight

Front 17

Offshoring

Back 17

- when outsourcing company is located primarily in foreign country

Front 18

Factors of is project team

Back 18

- scope
- budget
- available resources

Front 19

Teams contain:

Back 19

- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Front 20

___ ensures that project goals correspond to org.'s bus. objectives and is often senior executive or someone in position of authority
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 20

project sponsor

Front 21

___is required to have knowledge of methods/ techniques to ensure delivery of project on time and budget
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 21

project manager

Front 22

____part of the develop. team when project team works as outsourcer, responsible for sales and service of project team
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 22

account manag.

Front 23

___must provide well-designed user interface
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 23

architecture and design

Front 24

____may have many tites but they all provide methods and processes to translate high level requirements
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 24

analysts

Front 25

____ more often deals w/ process & syst design
- business analyst
- database analyst
-system analyst

Back 25

business analyst

Front 26

___often deals w/ technical requirements
-bus. analyst
- database analyst
-system analyst

Back 26

-syst analyst

Front 27

__- handles data mapping, data dictionary, structures
-bus. analyst
-database analyst
-syst. analyst

Back 27

database analyst

Front 28

___create syst. by coding/deploying technical infrastructure of syst. and programming it to perform required tasks
- project sponsor
-project manager
-acco. management
- architecture and design
-analysts
-developers
-specialists
-client interface

Back 28

developers

Front 29

___handles unique aspects of project.

Back 29

specialists

Front 30

____ are members that are specialists

Back 30

SME's (subject matter experts)

Front 31

A___ may be internal or external of team's org.

Back 31

client

Front 32

SDLC stands for:

Back 32

Syst. develop. life cycle

Front 33

___is a term used for the stages and activities of syst. develop.

Back 33

SDLC

Front 34

4 pillars of syst. analysis and design project

Back 34

1. people
2. tools
3. manag.
4. methodology

Front 35

7 SDLC steps

Back 35

1. concept
2. inception
3. elaboration
4. construction
5. transition
6. production
7. retirement

Front 36

concept phase is also known as

Back 36

pre-inception/ idea phase

Front 37

Inception phase aka

Back 37

feasibility/planning phase

Front 38

In this phase, the org. has idea to build an IS, the focus is on undertanding prob. or opport.

Back 38

inception

Front 39

In this pphase, project team finalizes requirement for syst and project plan, designs syst. archit.

Back 39

elaboration

Front 40

during this phase, team builds initial running syst.

Back 40

construction

Front 41

in this phase, team finalizes syst and puts it in place

Back 41

transition

Front 42

in this phase, org. must continuously monitor, maintain and evaluate

Back 42

production

Front 43

in this phase, syst. may lose its value and this phase often marks the concept of new syst.

Back 43

retirement

Front 44

true/ false
syst develop. life cycle of an IS begins when the sys is ready to be used by org. and ends when org. retires the syst.

Back 44

false ( it begins with a concept)

Front 45

A___provides framework for executing both project manag. and technical processes of IS project throughout life cycle

Back 45

methodology

Front 46

Initially, syst. developers tended to work in a very ad hoc way, called the___

Back 46

build- and - fix model

Front 47

The first develop. model to gain wide acceptance among syst. developers was based on the ___model

Back 47

waterfall.

Front 48

Waterfall model

Back 48

defines set of phases and a new phase begins only after acceptable completion of preceding phase.

Front 49

Adv. of methodology to IS devlop

Back 49

-improvement in fundamentals
-avoidance of rework
-risk management
-quality assurance
-customer orientation
-planning improvement

Front 50

Disadv. of methodology to IS develop.

Back 50

- higher bureaucracy(rigid)
- increased cost
- increased structure

Front 51

Users ofte cannot adequatey express their requirements until they have something to work with and see. This is called a ____

Back 51

prototype

Front 52

Evolutionary model steps

Back 52

- investigate
-specify
-implement
-test
-evaluate

Front 53

With___, projet team works w/ customers to progressibely build syst. from initial outline specification using visual mock-ups.

Back 53

prototyping

Front 54

Disadv. of evolutionary model

Back 54

- neglect to create well-defined set of docs.
-harder to monitor and control
-harder to stay on schedule

Front 55

A(n)____ is designed to satisfy continuousy changing requirements.

Back 55

agile process

Front 56

A well known agile development method is

Back 56

RUP (rational unified process)

Front 57

RUP build on 6 best practives

Back 57

1. develop iteratively
2. manage requirements
3. use component archit.
4. model visually
5. verify quality
6. control changes

Front 58

A ___ is simplified repres. of something real

Back 58

model

Front 59

UML stands for

Back 59

unified modelling language

Front 60

____ works well for developing object-oriented syst. , consists of several graphical elements that when combined form set of diagrams

Back 60

UML

Front 61

The set of UML diagrams is known as the____

Back 61

syst. model

Front 62

a____shows order of various activ. and by who, and how they interact with various syst. components

Back 62

sequence diagrams

Front 63

Example of UML

Back 63

e-voting system

Front 64

IDE stands for

Back 64

integrated develop. environments

Front 65

___ allows developers to complete several programming tasks within the same software application

Back 65

IDE

Front 66

Popular IDE's include

Back 66

micros. visual studio and eclipse(open source)

Front 67

With___, a developer can use graphical diagrams to define syst.'s components and how they are related

Back 67

code generation

Front 68

___allows developers to build and manage the databases that are key part of most IS

Back 68

database (DBMS)
-ex. ms access, mysql.

Front 69

___provides tools for developing web pages and applications
ranges from simple html editors
to full-blown IDE's

Back 69

web develop.

Front 70

___is the use of computer-based support in software develop. process

Back 70

CASE

Front 71

CASE stands for

Back 71

computer aided software engineering

Front 72

A current trend in ___environments is to support the analysis and design of bus. processes.

Back 72

CASE

Front 73

This occurs when ther's overreliance on tools for success of the project, when neglecting the other pillars of develop. project

Back 73

silver bullet syndrome

Front 74

true/ false
evolutionar develop. methodologies are considered to be less formal and more agile than the traditional waterfall develop. method

Back 74

true

Front 75

through___, which usually includes one or more diagrams, developers can better underst. the syst. and perform. requirem. that are derived from design of underlying bus. process that syst is trying to automate or support

Back 75

modelling

Front 76

A(n)____ allows developers to complete several program. tasks within same software app. and provides a text editor to allow user to write progr. code, file syst to store prog., compiler to translate the prog. into machine language, and debugging tools to find and correct errors

Back 76

IDE

Front 77

___is the app. of knowledge, skills tools and techniques to project act. to meet proj. requirements

Back 77

project management

Front 78

The triple constraint is also referred to as

Back 78

iron triangle

Front 79

4 core functions that lead to specific project objectives

Back 79

1. time manag.
2. cost manag.
3. scope man.
4. quality man.

Front 80

PPM stands for

Back 80

project portfolio manag.

Front 81

___involves acquiring resources needed for project

Back 81

procurement proj.

Front 82

4 facilitating functions of project manag.

Back 82

hr man
risk man
procurement man
comm man

Front 83

___provide std. format for displaying results of first four-time manag. acti.

Back 83

Gantt chart

Front 84

risk manag. tasks fall into one of 2 categories:

Back 84

1. risk assessment
2. risk control

Front 85

this project risk occur when requir. may increase beyond team's ability to handle them within scope

Back 85

feature creep

Front 86

this project risk s when more require that is really needed from inception

Back 86

requir. gold-platting

Front 87

this project risk is when if project is rushed, corners are often cut in areas

Back 87

short changed quality

Front 88

this project risk is when an overly optimistic schedule can cause abbreviations in critical planning and design tasks ,undue pressure

Back 88

overly-optimistic schedule

Front 89

this project risk when there's not enough time that is allocated to design

Back 89

inadequate design

Front 90

this project risk occurs when project team latches on new practice/techno and expects it to answer all pro bs

Back 90

silver bullet syndrome

Front 91

project risk occurs when disgn attemps to push boudaries of what is technically feasible in too many areas

Back 91

research-oriented develop

Front 92

this project risk occurs when the skills and knowledge of team members are not up to project tasks

Back 92

weak personnel

Front 93

this project risk can be caused by perceived lack of co-operation on one side or other or personality conflicts

Back 93

friction w/ customers

Front 94

The activity of managing several projects together is known as___

Back 94

program manag.

Front 95

___ are often created because there are dependencies btwn projects

Back 95

programs

Front 96

___software is designed to support/automate proj manag. and decision making tasks

Back 96

PM Software(project manag. software)

Front 97

3 levels of PM software-

Back 97

- low -
-mid
-high

Front 98

a___chart is to schedule and manage tasks within project

Back 98

PERT

Front 99

PERT stands for

Back 99

Program evaluation review technique

Front 100

adv of PERT

Back 100

- shows sequence and dependencies btwn tasks

Front 101

___is the sequence of tasks that determines the overall completion time of project

Back 101

the critical path

Front 102

true/ false
after setting project scope and time frame , an org can then calculate amount of resources needed to complete project

Back 102

true