Comm 100 Chapter 14 Vocab

Front 1

Special-occasion speeches

Back 1

Evocative speeches intended to entertain, inspire, celebrate, commemorate, or build community

Front 2

General purpose

Back 2

Whichever of three goals-to inform, persuade, or entertain- dominates a speech

Front 3

Specific purpose

Back 3

What a speaker wants to inform or persuade an audience about, or what type of feelings the speaker wants to evoke

Front 4

Audience analysis

Back 4

The process of determining what an audience already knows or wants to know about a topic, who they are, what they know or need to know about the speaker, and what their expectations might be for the presentation

Front 5

Open-ended questions

Back 5

Questions that give the person being questioned free rein in answering

Front 6

Closed questions

Back 6

Questions that are answerable in a few words

Front 7

Secondary questions

Back 7

Questions that follow up on previous questions

Front 8

Neutral questions

Back 8

Questions that give the person being questioned a change to respond without any influence from the interviewer

Front 9

Demographic analysis

Back 9

The portion of an audience analysis that considers the ages, races, sexes, sexual orientations, religions, and social class of the audience

Front 10

Thesis statement

Back 10

A statement of the topic of a speech and the speaker’s position on it

Front 11

Supporting materials

Back 11

Information that supports the speaker’s ideas

Front 12

Chronological pattern

Back 12

One that follows a timeline

Front 13

Spatial pattern

Back 13

One that arranges points by locations and can be used to describe something small

Front 14

Topical pattern

Back 14

One that has no innate organization except the imposed by the speaker

Front 15

Problem-solution pattern

Back 15

One in which the speaker describes various aspects of a problem and then proposes solutions

Front 16

Cause-effect pattern

Back 16

One used to create understanding and agreement, and sometimes to argue for a specific action

Front 17

Introduction

Back 17

Opening material of a speech from which the audience members gain a first impression of the speech’s content and of the speaker

Front 18

Signposts

Back 18

Transitions in a speech that help an audience understand the speaker’s organization, making it easier for them to follow

Front 19

Conclusion

Back 19

Closing material of a speech where the speaker reviews the main points, may challenge the audience to act, and leaves the audience with a positive view of speaker and topic

Front 20

Style

Back 20

The type of language and phrasing a speaker uses and the effect the language and phrasing create

Front 21

Visual aids

Back 21

Audiovisual materials that help a speaker reach intended speech goals

Front 22

Impromptu speech

Back 22

A speech that is delivered with little or no preparation

Front 23

Manuscript speech

Back 23

Speech that is written out word-for-word and read to the audience

Front 24

Extemporaneous speech

Back 24

Speech that is written ahead of time but only in outline form

Front 25

Persona

Back 25

The image a speaker conveys

Front 26

Eye Contact

Back 26

Looking directly into the eyes of another