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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of gastrin
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Increase gastric acid secretion
Increase growth of gastric mucosa Increase gastric motility |
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Source of gastrin and location of cells
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G cells in antrum of stomach
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Stimulators of gastrin
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Phenylalanine, tryptophan, Calcium
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Cholecystokinin functions
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Increase pancreatic secretion, Increase gallbladder contraction, Decrease gastric emptying, Increase sphincter of Oddi relaxation
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Cholecystokinin source and location
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I cells in the duodenum and jejunum.
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Secretin function
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Increase pancreatic HCO3 secretion
Decrease gastric acid secretion Increase bile secretion |
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Secretin cells and location
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S cells in the duodenum
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Somatostatin cells and location
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D cells in the pancreatic islets and GI mucosa
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Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide other name and function
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Gastric Inhibitory Peptide
More insulin, less acid |
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Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide function
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Increases intestinal water and electrolyte secretion
Increases relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters |
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Motilin function
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Produces migrating motor complexes
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Intrinsic factor from what cells
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Parietal cells
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Gastric acid regulation
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Increased by histamine, ACh, gastrin
Dereased by somatostatin, GIP, prostaglandin, secretin |
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Pepsinogen converted to pepsin
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H+
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Where iron absorption occurs
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Duodenum
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Where folate absorption occurs
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Jejunum
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Where B12 absorption occurs
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Ileum
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Specialized cells found in Peyer's patches
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M Cells
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Enzyme to conjugate bilirubin
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Uridine glucoronyl transferase
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Retroperitoneal Structures
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Suprarenals, Aorta and IVC, Duodenum 2nd-4th, Pancreas, Ureters, Colon ascending and descending, Kidneys, Esophagus, Rectum
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Contains the Ligamentum Teres
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Falciform ligament
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Contains the portal triad
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Hepatoduodenal ligament
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Gastrohepatic ligament contains these
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Gastric arteries
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Gastroepiploic arteries contained in this structure
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Gastrocolic ligament
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Gastrosplenic connects these organs and holds these
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Greater curvature of stomach to spleen; Short gastrics contained
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Splenorenal connects these
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Spleen to posterior abdominal wall
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Layers of gut wall from inside to out
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Lamina propria, Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis Propria, Serosa/Adventitia
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Folds that increase surface area in Small Intestine and Large Intestine
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Plicae circularis in small intestine; Haustra in large intestine
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Structures supplied by the celiac artery
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foregut: stomach, prox duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen
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Structures supplied by SMA
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Distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 transverse colon
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Structures supplied by IMA
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Distal 1/3 of transverse colon to upper portion of rectum
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Branches of celiac trunk
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Splenic artery
Common Hepatic Artery Left Gastric Artery |
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Branches of Splenic artery
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Short Gastric Arteries
Left Gastroomental Artery |
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Branches of Common Hepatic artery
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Hepatic Artery Proper
Gastroduodenal Artery Right Gastric Artery |
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Branches of Gastroduodenal artery
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Right gastroomental
Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery |
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Above the pectinate line
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Internal hemorrhoids,non painful. Cancer here would be adenocarcinoma
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Below the pectinate line
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External hemorrhoids, painful. Cancer here would be squamous cell carcinoma caused by HPV 16, 18, 31
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