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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In ancient history of deafness, who observed a relationship between congenital deafness and mutism?
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Aristotle and Pliney the Elder
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Who assumed speech was the primary vehicle for conveying thought and so the deaf were considered uneducable and intellectually inferior?
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Aristotle
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How long did the idea that the deaf were uneducable persist?
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through medieval times
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How did Roman law classify the deaf?
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with the mentally incompetent
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What did not consider the deaf as worthy of entering into contracts or being witnesses in a court of law and thus not worthy of the rights of citizenship?
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justinian code
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Medieval made a difference between what?
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those born deaf and those who acquired deafness
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Medieval laws prohibited what?
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the deaf from the rights of marriage
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Who wrote that the deaf could be taught to associate written symbols with objects or pictures?
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Girolamo Cardano of Padua
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What is important about Girolamo's work?
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his refutation of the idea that the deaf were uneducable
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What ushered in a period of enlightenment about the mental status of the deaf?
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Reformation and Rennaisance periods
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Who taught deaf children of nobility with an oral method?
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Pedro Ponce de Leon (1555)
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Who taught the deaf with signs and speech?
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Juan Pablo Bonet (1620)
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Who was the father of oralism and taught the deaf in Germany?
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Samuel Heinicke
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Who was the father of sign language and worked with the deaf in France?
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Abbe Charles Michel de l'Epee
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What effects did the enlightenment have on the deaf?
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They were able to develop intellect, come into contact with other deaf individuals, express themselves to others, gain power over their lives.
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Deaf education in the US has taken the two tracks set out by whom?
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l'Epee and Heinicke
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Who founded the sign language movement in the US?
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Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Laurent Clerc
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When was pure oralism proclaimed as being in all ways superior to sign language?
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1880 - the second conference to improve the welfare of the deaf and blind
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When was sign language no longer allowed in any institutions for deaf in the US?
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1907
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What are the four common points of controversy when it comes to educating the death?
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education setting
communication mode deafness as a handicap cochlear implants |
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What are some of the arguments for oralism?
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-dominant language
-matches parental language in most cases -less need for accommodations, more independence in hearing society |
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What are some of the arguments against oralism?
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-very hard for many deaf to learn
-slow - less language at first -without dedicated efforts, it won't happen |
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What are some of the arguments for sign language?
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-visual and thus accessible to most deaf individuals
-early language gains -link to deaf culture -ASL real language |
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What are some of the arguments against sign language?
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-separation from hearing world
-not used by majority of parents -speech may suffer -need for interpreters -may limit job choices |
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What is the typical educational placement for preschoolers?
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formal educational environments
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Typically, each preschooler has a specified what?
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communication mode
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What is a major factor for preschoolers in education?
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parental involvement
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What are some pros to public school placement?
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inexpensive
child exposed to peers auxiliary services |
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What are some of the cons to public school placement?
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poor quality of services
lack of understanding from professionals environment makes success dificult |
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List some pros of private school placement.
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more money
small class size specialized for hearing loss |
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List some cons of private school placement.
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expense
distance not guaranteed better less flexible with accommodations |
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List some pros for day program.
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with hearing impaired kids
see family at night play with hearing kids outside of school teachers dedicated to hearing loss kids |
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List some cons for day program.
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may only have one philosophy or knowledge of 2 philosophies in area
create friendship at school but can't see them outside |
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List some pros for residential school
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long term friendships
identify with group role models |
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List some cons for residential school.
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separated from family
expensive difficult to change no parental input |
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The role of _________ pathways are poorly understood but have been shown to have as a __________ effect the ___________ of signals in the __________ system.
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efferent
primary suppression afferent |
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Processing of information happens not only at the _________ but all along the ___________.
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cortex
pathway |
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The auditory processing system is responsible for the following critical functions:
-Attending to __________ in -difficult __________ situations. -______________ stimuli apart (_________________) -Completing _____________ stimuli -_____________ stimuli together to ____________ message |
stimuli, listening
separating, discrimination incomplete fusing, understand |
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List three other responsibilities of the auditory processing system:
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localization
temporal processing attention/memory |
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What we don't know:
-How the _______ process such __________ info with such __________ functioning. -What each ______ is ___________ for. -What all of the ________ involved in the ________ are. -Where do we cross over from ___________ ___________ to other ___________ __________ such as ___________ and ___________ processing. |
nerves, complex, simple
part, responsible parts, process auditory processing, cognitive processes, audition, language |
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People try to understand auditory processing because of kids who:
- respond ____________ to ________ stimuli -do not follow ___________ directions or _________ well -are ___________ after long periods of _________ stimuli -have ________ ____________ spans -are __________ _____________ -do not ______________ or ________ easily |
inconsistently, auditory
auditory, instructions exhausted, auditory short attention easily distracted concentrate, focus |
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Name one current approach to understanding auditory processing.
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SUNY Buffalo Model
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The SUNY Buffalo Model uses _________ __________ definition of auditory processing.
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ASHA taskforce
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What is the ASHA taskforce definition of auditory processing?
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sound localization and lateralization
auditory discrimination auditory pattern recognition temporal aspects of audition |
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What are the 4 aspects of temporal aspects of audition?
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resolution
masking integration ordering |
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What are the four cluster areas of CAPDs?
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decoding
tolerance-fading memory integration organization |
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What core battery of tests is used in the Buffalo model?
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staggered spondaic word (SSW)
phonemic synthesis test speech-in-noise test masking level difference |
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What is accurately and quickly processing what one hears?
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decoding
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List the 6 characteristics of someone who struggles with decoding.
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slow responder
phonics problems poor understanding of directions weak on written tests minimal oral discussions difficulty with group listening |
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What is difficulty in understanding speech in adverse listening conditions and also displays short-term memory weakness?
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tolerance-fading memoriy
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Tolerance-fading memory has similar characteristics to ______ and includes:
-poor _________ _____ -__________ and impulsive -__________ weaknesses -________ short-term ________ -following __________ -poor ___________ and poor _______ planning |
ADHD
attention span distractible reading weak, memory directions handwriting, motor |
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What is integrating auditory info with other functions?
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integration
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Difficulty with integration includes:
-extremely slow _________ -poor ____________ skills -Poor _________-__________ relationships -severe _________ and_______ problems -very poor _____________ -difficulty with ______-_________ tasks |
responder
phonetic sound-symbol reading, spelling handwriting multi-modal |
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What kinds of errors do you see with problems in organization?
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reversals and sequencing
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What are the primary subtypes of the M3 model by Jeanane Ferre?
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auditory decoding deficit
integration deficit prosodic deficit |
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What are the secondary subtypes of the M3 model by Jeanane Ferre?
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auditory association deficit
output organization deficit |
