• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/67

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

67 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What three populations are affected by velopharyngeal problems
cleft palate
hearing impairment
dysarthria
- stroke,
- head injury,
- cerebral palsy,
- progressive neurological disease.
About 1 in ____ births there is a baby born with a cleft palate.
750
A cleft palate is occurs as a result of?
structures within the skull have failed to meet at midline.
After cleft palate surgery, sometimes the velum itself may be what?
insufficiently long
Hearing impaired people have problems __________the nasal consonants because they are extremely _____ intensity sounds.
hearing
low
Dysarthria is a ____________ _______.
Neuromuscular deficit.
A ____________ ________is when the brain sends out signals to the muscles that operate the velopharyngeal port, and those signals are not strong enough.
Neuromuscular deficit.
Elevated nasality of sounds is caused by?
leakage of air through the velopharyngeal port and thus into the nasal cavity and into the nares for pressure consonants.
When there is leakage in the velopharyngeal port, it allows what to escape.
pressure.
Nasalization is?
Oral and nasal cavities linked
Nasal emission is?
Air escapes inappropriately through nose.
Hypernasality causes distortion of what?
vowels.
Hypernasailty is when the nasal cavities at as an _____________.
anti resonance.
Formants are substantially damped because of ____________.
hypernasality.
The nasal and oral cavities are linked and the nasal cavity tends to have a __________ _______ which influence the clarity of a ___________.
damping effect
vowel
Nasality problems can also be caused by ______________ ______________ and also poor timing of velar movements.
Velopharyngeal incompetence
Velar pharyngeal incompetence is when ?
the velum fails to raise and it also fails to stiffens adequately and the pharyngeal constrictors are weak.
There is not a problem with the muscle strength itself, but that the __________ of different articulatory movements is out of sync.
coordination
There are three factors involved in poor timing of velar movements.
muscle strength is not impaired
timing inappropriate
inter-articulator coordination is reduced.
A flexible endoscopy is done by a _____.
ENT
A flexible endoscopy is performed to evaluate the ________of the structures in a variety of different speaking tasks.
Function
The size of the velopharyngeal opening does not determine if a person has nasality issues. T/F
True There isn't a perfect link between our perception of nasality and the size of the velopharyngeal opening.
A nasal grimace is when?
a person constricts the nose a bit to increase resistance in the nasal cavity, and thus controlling any leaking in the velopharyngeal port.
True or false Non speech behavior can be very different from speech activity?
True
Electromyography or EMG is?
involves sticking little tiny electrodes into the muscles of the velum
Is EMG routinely used in a clinical setting? and why?
No, It is too uncomfortable.
Is EMG used in a research setting?
Yes it is used so that we can learn more about the activation patterns of the muscles of the velopharyngeal mechanism and how the brain sends signals to these muscles to coordinate activity.
EMG is used to ?
reveal muscle activation.
X-Ray studies are a problem because?
exposure to radiation is not good. and the x-ray microbeam is very complex and expensive.
Floroscopy is what?
an x-ray movie which allows you to see the speech structures while actually moving.
During a fluoroscopy examination you are able to see what clearly?
velum movement up and down and how a person transitions between oral and nasal sounds.
X-Ray Microbeam is ?
tiny beams of radiation that is aimed at the little gold pellets that are attached to articulatory structures and it can follow these without giving the person a whole big blast of radiation to their head.
Is X-ray microbeam a research tool or a clinical tool?
a research tool.
There is only one X-ray microbeam machine in North America, where is it?
Madison Wisconsin.
Typical clinical needs for assessment of speech structures need to have these qualities.
non-invasive equipment
easy to use and interpret
applicable to real speech production
biofeedback potential
cost effective
Acoustic nasometry involves what?
-2 microphones
-a divider plate between microphones.
-upper records nasal acoustic signal
-lower records oral acoustic signal
-display shows degree of nasalance
provides biofeedback signal during speech.
The __________microphone records energy that comes from the mouth.
lower
The __________microphone records energy that comes from the nose.
upper
Energy from these two microphones represent __________.
Nasalance.
The acoustic nasometer can tell wheather a person falls within their normal limits for their _____________.
Nasalance.
The acoustic nasometer can also provide ________during therapy.
feedback.
Feedback from a acoustic nasometer can show a person how well they are managing the ______ and ______ balance in their speech production.
oral nasal.
The acoustic nasometer has a screen display that will reveal information in real time how much ___________there is.
nasalance.
If you say a nasal sound m or n they the nasalance reading will be high or low?
high.
If a person was producing an oral sound, like a vowel, they you would pick up ______ ______ in the upper microphone?
very little
Vowels have a low percentage of nasality true or false?
True
The Kay Elemetrics nasometer device has ?
a strap that goes around the person's head to hold it in place, and it has a metal separator plate that divides her upper lip and below her nose. Microphones attached to this plate on top and on the bottom and the wires to go out to the computer.
The display monitor for the Kay Elemetircs nasometer represents ?
degree of nasalance over time.
The time axis on the computer monitor for the Kay Elemetrics nasometer goes from ___ to _____.
left to right.
The nasalance will increase and decrease with different _______.
phonemes.
A Kay Elemetrics Nasometer examination can help determine whether a person needs medical intervention that could involve either?
Prosthetic device to help with velopharyngeal closure or possible surgery.
Aerodynamic measures what?
-Nasal Air flow
-Oral air pressure
-Velopharyngeal port resistance calculated from pressure and flow
Nasal Airflow is ____ for vowels.
low
Pressure should be about ____ when producing a consonant.
0
If you are measureing flow during consonant productions, then what does that mean?
that would be indicative of some leakage
Nasometer relies on ______ _______.
Acoustic nasometry
Oral air pressure will be ____ for stops.
High
To calculate the Velopharyngeal Port, you need to do what.?
Divide the oral pressure by the nasal flow.
Velopharyngeal port resistance is a measure of what?
how well the velopharyngeal port is closing.
Velopharyngeal port resistance is reduced because of _______ around the edge of the _____.
leakage velum
OroNasal Mask System measures what?
Nasal Airflow and oral air flow.
The OroNasal Mask Device consists of what?
a little mask
divider plate in the middle
instrumentation attached to it.
The OroNasal Mask is designed to measure what?
How much air is flowing through these little hols in the mask when the person is speaking.
The instrumentation on the OroNasal Mask System will show ___ and ___ air flow.
Nasal oral.
is the OroNasal device simple to use?
Yes
The software that comes with the OroNasal system does what?
Quantifies the proportion of Nasalance for the test sentence that you have the person speak.
The OroNasal Mask System comes from a company called?
Glottal Enterprises.