Comd 3120 - Unit 8

Front 1

What is the omission of one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word?

Back 1

unstressed syllable deletion

Ex: "banana" = "nana"

Front 2

What is repetition of a syllable of a target word resulting in teh creation of a multisyllabic word form?

Back 2

Reduplication

Total: "bottle" = "baba"
Partial: "bottle" = "bada"

Front 3

What is addition of the /i/ vowel to the taget word?

Back 3

diminutization

"cup" = "cuppy"

Front 4

What is insertion of an unstressed vowel, usually the schwa between or in front of two consonants?

Back 4

epenthesis

"school" = "aschool"
"blue" = "balue"

Front 5

What is omission of a final singleton consonant in a word or deltion of a final consonant cluster?

Back 5

final consonant deletion

"task" = "ta"

Front 6

What is omission of singleton consonants in the initial word position?

Back 6

initial consonant deletion

Front 7

What is deltion or substitution of some or all members of a cluster?

Back 7

cluster reduction or cluster simplification

total: "broom" = "oom"
partial: "broom" = "room"

Front 8

What is substitutaion of stops for fricatives and affricates?

Back 8

stopping

"farm" = "tarm"

Front 9

What is replacement of an affricate with a stop or a fricative?

Back 9

deaffrication

"cheese" = "teeze"

Front 10

What is replacement of velars with sounds that are made in a more anterior position?

Back 10

velar fronting

"cup" = "tup"

Front 11

What is substitution of an alveolar fricative for a palatal fricative or an alveolar affricate for a palatal affricate?

Back 11

depalatalization

Front 12

What is it when sounds when an anterior point of constriction are replaced by posterior sounds?

Back 12

backing

Front 13

What is substitution of a glide for a prevocalic liquid?

Back 13

liquid gliding

"light" = "yight"

Front 14

What is substitutaion of a vowel for a syllabic liquid?

Back 14

vocalization (vowelization)

"butter" = "butta"

Front 15

What is it when non-labial consonants become labial because of the influence of another labial sound in a word?

Back 15

labial assimilation

"monkey" = "mummy"

Front 16

What is assimilation of a non-velar sound to a velar sound?

Back 16

velar assimilation

"cot" = "cock"

Front 17

What is it when non-nasal sounds assimilate to become a nasal?

Back 17

nasal assimilation

"not" = "non"

Front 18

What is assimilation of a non-alveolar sound to an alveolar sound?

Back 18

alveolar assimilation

"tuck" = "tut"

Front 19

What is it when a voiceless sound preceding a vowel becomes voiced?

Back 19

prevocalic voicing

"toad" = "doad"

Front 20

What is it when a voiced obstruent following a vowel becomes voicless or devoiced?

Back 20

postvocalic devoicing

"buzz" = "bus"

Front 21

What looks at how speech sounds are classified, organized, and how they're used in a given language?

Back 21

phonology

Front 22

In the gradual phonological mastery system, what are the easier sounds that develop first and the more difficult ones to develop later?

Back 22

easier: bilabials, stops
harder: liquids, glides

Front 23

Since kids learn rule by rule rather than sound by sound, what do they use as they are learning?

Back 23

phonological processes

Front 24

Who is the phonological approach for?

Back 24

kids who are highly unintelligible with a lot of phonological processes

Front 25

Which phonological process test is more descriptive in nature and comes with a bag of toys the kids can talk about and elicits "natural" productions?

Back 25

Hodsons

Front 26

Which phonological process test is used in conjunction with the GFTA and is probably used most often?

Back 26

Khan-Lewis

Front 27

Which phonological test is more recently produced by super duper and looks at both artic and phonology, is good for young children and very colorful?

Back 27

Clinical Assessment of Articulation and Phonology

Front 28

The Kahn-Lewis measures the usage of ___ phonological processes. It can be used to derive a __________ ______. Norms are provided for the ages of __-___ and ___-___. The time required to complete it is between ___ and ___ minutes.

Back 28

10
normative score
2, 0
21, 11
10, 30

Front 29

What are the three types of processes analyzed in the KLPA?

Back 29

reduction processes
place and manner processes
voicing processes

Front 30

What 5 reduction processes are analyzed in the KLPA?

Back 30

deletion of final consonants
syllable reduction
stopping of fricatives and affricates
cluster simplification
liquid simplification

Front 31

What place and manner processes are analyzed in teh KLPA?

Back 31

velar fronting
palatal fronting
deaffrication

Front 32

What voicing processes are analyzed in the KLPA?

Back 32

initial voicing

Front 33

How many other processes can be further used to describe articulation but are not listed in the scoring system of the KLPA?

Back 33

34

Front 34

List 6 non-developmental phonological processes.

Back 34

deletion of initial consonants
glottal replacement
backing to velars
coalescence
consonant harmony
stridency deletion

Front 35

Though Hodson says all processes occuring greater than 40% are considered for remediation, KLPA says what?

Back 35

Use your own judgement.

Front 36

What are time periods during which all phonological patterns that need remediation are worked on?

Back 36

cycles

Front 37

What more closely approximates the way in which normal phonological development occurs than does teaching phonemes one by one?

Back 37

cycles

Front 38

What are cycles used for?

Back 38

to correct phonological processes

Front 39

A pattern is what you are trying to ________ while a process is what you are trying to _________.

Back 39

teach
remove

Front 40

What two things does cycle length depend on?

Back 40

individual child's number of deficient patterns
number of stimulable phonemes within each pattern

(some are 5-6 weeks, others 15-16)

Front 41

How is the complexity of each cycle increased? Give an example.

Back 41

Gradually
First cycle do individual phonemes
Second cycle, add in cognates

Front 42

What is a deviation that occurs across phoneme classes?

Back 42

processes

Front 43

How are processes eliminated?

Back 43

by working on speech patterns

Front 44

We work on phonemes within targeted __________ to facilitate emergence of the respective __________.

Back 44

patterns
patterns

Front 45

Patterns are __________ during ensuing cycles until each of the targeted patterns begins to _________ in _____________ utterances.

Back 45

recycled
emerge
spontaneous

Front 46

You work through a cycle then ________ to see how the ____________ of occurrence scores are coming along. We want it to drop.

Back 46

retest
percentage

Front 47

Each phoneme within a pattern should be targeted for approximately how long per cycle?

Back 47

60 minutes

Front 48

How long does it typically take to see imporvement in speech intelligibility scores?

Back 48

3-6 cycles (approx 30-40 hours, 60 min per week)

Front 49

Intervention target patterns are selected from what?

Back 49

phonological processes having percentage-of-occurrence scores that are greater than 40% (of course, KLPA says target if YOU consider it a problem)

Front 50

What should the phonological remediation goal statement emphasize?

Back 50

facilitating emergence of intelligible speech patterns or suppression of phon processes

(contrast to traditional therapy goals of establishing perfect phonemes)