Comd 2500 Language, Speech, Hearing (Chptr 5)

Front 1

babbling (156)

Back 1

- A young child's production of syllables that contain pairs of consonants and vowels (C-V sequence when consonant precedes the vowel).
-Begins ages 6-10 months
-See also, jargon; marginal babbling; nonreduplicated babbling; reduplicated babbling

Front 2

declarative pointing (164)

Back 2

-Pointing by an infant to cal an adult's attention to objects and to comment on objects.
-Involves social process between infant and adult
-Occurs after 10 months
-Contrast with imperative pointing

Front 3

dishabituation (174)

Back 3

-Describes a phase in a task used to renew an infant's interest in a stimulus according to a predetermined threshold
-Contrast with habituation

Front 4

duration (148)

Back 4

-The length of sounds
-One of three prosodic characteristics of speech
-Contrast with frequency; intensity

Front 5

expressive language (170)

Back 5

-The language a person produces spontaneously, without imitating another person's verbalizations.
-Includes: content, form, and use
-Contrast with receptive language

Front 6

habituation (174)

Back 6

-Describes task involving presenting an infant with the same stimulus repeatedly until his or her attention to the stimulus decreases by a predetermined amount
-Contrast with dishabituation

Front 7

imperative pointing (164)

Back 7

-Pointing by an infant to request an adult to retrieve an object for him or her
-Occurs around age 10 months
-Contrast with declarative pointing

Front 8

intersubjective awareness (163)

Back 8

-Recognition of when one person shares a mental focus on some external object or action with another person

Front 9

intonation (148)

Back 9

-The prominence placed on various parts of sentences
-Contrast with stress

Front 10

jargon (157)

Back 10

-A special type of babbling that contains the true melodic patterns of an infant's native language
-Resembles questions, exclamations, and commands, even in the absence of unrecognizable words
-See also, marginal babbling; nonduplicated babbling; reduplicated babbling

Front 11

marginal babbling (156)

Back 11

-Early type of babbling
-Contains short strings of consonant-like and vowel-like sounds
-Emerges as infants gain control of their articulation at 5-8 months
-See also, jargon; nonreduplicated babbling; reduplicated babbling

Front 12

nonreduplicated babbling (157)

Back 12

-Also known as variegated babbling
-Consists of nonrepeating consonant-vowel combinations, such as "da ma goo ga"
-Occurs around 6-10 months
-See also, jargon; marginal babbling
-Contrast with reduplicated babbling

Front 13

paralinguistic (160)

Back 13

-Aspects of communication outside the linguistic information, such as pitch, loudness, posture, and eye contact
-With infant-directed speech, paralinguistic features include a high overall pitch, exaggerated pitch contours, and slower tempos than those of adult-directed speech

Front 14

phonetic regularities (147)

Back 14

-Refers to phonemes (speech sounds) and combinations of phonemes
-Infants pay close attention to the phonetic details of speech to learn words
-Contrast with prosodic

Front 15

prosodic regularities (147)

Back 15

-Refers to the frequency (pitch), duration (length), and intensity (loudness) of sounds.
-Combinations of prosodic characteristics produce distinguishable stress and intonation patterns that infants can detect to parse the speech stream
-Contrast with phonetic

Front 16

receptive language (170)

Back 16

-The language people comprehend
-Contrast with expressive language

Front 17

reduplicated babbling (157)

Back 17

-Babbling that consists of repeating consonant-vowel pairs, such as "da da da"
-See also, jargon; marginal babbling
-Contrast with nonreduplicated babbling

Front 18

stress (148)

Back 18

-The prominence placed on certain syllables of multsyllabic words
-Contrast with intonation

Front 19

supported joint engagement (163)

Back 19

-Joint attention in which adults use such techniques as speaking with an animated voice or showing an infant novel objects

Front 20

variegated babbling (157)

Back 20

-See nonredupliated babbling

Front 21

voice onset time (150)

Back 21

-The interval between the release of a stop consonant such as: p, b,t, or d and the onset of vocal cord vibrations