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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
in the vas sm muscle which ions move in w/ depolarization
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Na
Cl Ca |
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which ions move out in the vas sm muscle w/ depolar.
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K
|
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what's the potential inside the cell
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- 50-70 mVolts
|
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what maintains the membrane potential of the vas sm muscle
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Na-K Atpase
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why's it neg inside the cells
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cuz 3 Na's go inside while only 2 K's come out
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t/f
a1 adrenergic antag are 1 st line agents in HTN |
f
although they're very effective they have too many SE due to many receptors in the body |
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there's ------ blockade of vascular a1 adrenergic receptors
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reversible
|
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what do a1 adrenergic antag do to the vascular tone
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decreases it
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what do a1 adrenergic antag do to tpr
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reduction
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there's constriction/dilation of precapillary arterioles
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dilation
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how's there a reflex increase in hr w/ a1 adrenergic antag
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the baroreflex is activated due to lower bp
this will activate the sns release of ne in the heart to act on B1 receptors this will lead to tachycardia a1 not there to counteract |
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prazosin selective for ----
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alpha 1
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theres evidence of mild reduction in ---- and ---- and increased ----
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reduction in LDL
reduction in TG increased HDL |
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what's prazosin used in combo w/
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BB
diuretics |
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doesing of prazosin:
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2-3/day
noncompliance short t1/2 |
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t/f
prazosin diffrentiates btw alpha 1 subtypes |
f
no differentiation |
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what does prazosin block
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sm muslce and prevent contraction
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se of prazosin include:
orthostatic hypotension. . . why |
block vascular sm muscle
|
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se of prazosin can lead to postural -------
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dizziness
|
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postural dizziness can occur w/ a ---, -----, --- --- --
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HA
Drowsiness Lack of Energy |
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prazosin may have --- reflex tachycardia
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mild
|
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why have mild reflex tachycardia w/ prazosin
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may be dut to central sympatholytic activity
vasodilate both arteries and veins a1 mediated chronotripic effects |
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prazosin will have increased --- leading to increase ang 2
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renin
|
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why give a diuretic w/ prazosin
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due to increase Na and H2O retention
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why give a bb w/ prazosin
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due to mild reflex tachycardia
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in men prazosin can lead to
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impotence
a1 antagonist can interfere w/ ejaculation |
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which diuretic is usu given w/ prazosin
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thiazide
cuz it will also vasodilate |
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why have an increased Na and H2O in prazosin
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due to elevated aldosterone
|
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what can attenuate the response of prazosin
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NSAIDs
cuz they affect prostaglandins |
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what can enhance the post hypotension w/ prazosin
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bb
|
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caution w/ prazosin in what two disease
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cardiac and renal failure
|
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two other selective a1 agents
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terazosin
doxazosin |
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which is more frequently used terazosin or doxazosin
why |
doxazosin
cuz 1x day dosing |
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dosing fo terazosin
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1-2 x day
|
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a1 selective agents can be used for
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bph
|
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how do the other a1 selective agents help w/ bph
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relax prostate, bladder and head of urethra, which will increase urine flow
|
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other a 1 antag will --- insulin resistance
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decrease
|
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doxazosin can --- incidence of -----
|
incease
CHF according to ALLHAT |
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which has a longer t 1/2 and once daily dosing prozosin or the others
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others
|
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two a1 antag that are available in europe
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ketanserin
urapadil |
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ketanserin will block what receptors
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5HT2a
5HT2c a1 |
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urapadil will block what receptors
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a1
a2 5HT1a |
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why does tamsulosin have limited effects on vasculature
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cuz it a1a selective
the vasculature has a1b receptors |
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se of tamulosin
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hypotension
dizziness |
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tamulosin used for ----
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bph
|
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mixed antagonist
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labetalol
carvedilol |
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labetalol is a b blocker w/ --- at B- receptors
|
ISA
B2 |
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carvedilol is a bb, ---- antagonsit
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a1 antagonist
|
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which has no isa
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carvedilol
|
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which has membrane stabilizing activity
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carvedilol
|
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what is labetalol better in:
beta blocking or a1 antagonising |
beta blocking
but the a antagonist targets htn at the vessels and the heart. . . good! |