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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Why did the Soviets invade Afghanistan? |
1) In 1978, a Marxist government had taken over, and they signed a 20 year friendship agreement with the USSR 2) In September '79 the president, Taraki, was deposed then murdered, taken over by Amin 3) They feared that the government could collapse, so intervened under the Brezhnev Doctrine |
MTB (My Turtle block) |
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Why was the Afghan situation more complicated than first thought? |
Muslim resistance groups had been set up to oppose land and education reforms, known as the Mujahidin, who continued to resist after the invasion |
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Why did the Soviets lose the war? |
1) Initially they were winning, but lost to the guerilla tactics of the Mujahideen in the mountains 2) Many Soviet soldiers were conscripts and unfit/unprepared for war 3) The Red Army didn't want to fight, it seemed like a waste of effort, but the enemy were spurred on by religion |
ICR (Inter continental roads) |
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What effect did the invasion of Afghanistan have on the Soviet Union? |
1) They were Mocked, after losing to Geurilla fighters 2) Opposition grew as casualties mounted 3) Colossal cost of war (mainly) caused Bankruptcy in the 1980s |
MOB |
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What effects did the Afghanistan invasion have on Superpower relations? |
1) Good relations since the 1960s broke down 2) US grain Exports stopped 3) US refused to ratify SALT 2 4) USA boycotted Moscow 1980 Olympics, USSR boycotted 1984 Los Angeles Olympics |
RERO |
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Who replaced Brezhnev? |
Andropov (1 year) |
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Who replaced Andropov? |
Chernenko (1 year) |
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Who was elected in 1980 in the USA, and on what basis? |
Ronald Reagan, because he promised to 'get tough' on Communism |
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What did Reagan famously call the Soviet Union?
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An 'Evil Empire'
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What were Reagan's thoughts about arms limitation? |
1) He was prepared to discuss arms limitations 2) He would only negotiate from a position of strength 3)If thing's didn't work out, there would be no comprimise |
PSI |
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How did Reagan become governor of California? How did this apply? |
By cutting taxes... He knew to remain popular he must also lower taxes so must cut military spending |
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What did Reagan wish to achieve from the 'Intermediate Range Missiles' talks? + Quote?
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Reagen wanted 'Zero option' on them, for them all to be dismantled and removed from Europe. Brezhnev refused
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When were the Intermediate Range Missiles talks?
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1981
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How did Reagen respond to the events in Poland? |
Reagan stopped ALL technology exports to the Soviet union. |
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What key events happened in Poland and when? |
December 1981 - Solidarity (Trade union) was banned, Martial Law was enforced and Lech Walesa was arrested |
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When were the START talks, what did it stand for, and what happened? |
1982 - Strategic Arms Reduction Talks - Nothing, it all became deadlocked |
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What key events happened between 1983 and 1984?
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1) Reagan orders US troops to crush communist uprising in Grenada - 1983
2) Reagan announces 'Star Wars' 3) Soviet Union and other Communist countries boycotted 1984 Los Angeles Olympics 4) Brezhnev dies (1982), Andropov dies (1983), Chernenko dies (1984) - No progress in these years |
GSBD (Great Southern baking dates)
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What were the key features of Star Wars? |
1) Series of Lasers to shoot down Soviet Missiles in Space - Made Soviet Union Powerless 2) Didn't really work, but Reagan used it as a bargaining chip 3) Soviets knew they could never catch up with that |
SWC (Sweets will curl) |
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When Gorbachev come to Power? |
1985 |
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What were the names of Gorbachev's two major policy changes? |
Glasnost and Perestrokia |
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What was Glasnost? |
1) A new sense of Openess, both in the Soviet Union and with the West 2) KGB powers were restricted 3) Free Elections were held in 1990 4) Government criticism was allowed |
OKEC (Only kiss eager coconuts) |
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Why did Gorbachev introduce Glasnost? |
He realised that the Soviet union relied on the West, new technology, investment, but most importantly arms agreements to reduce Soviet Union's military spending |
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What was Perestroika? |
An 'Economic restructuring' of the Soviet Union |
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Why did Gorbachev introduce Perestroika? |
He believed the Soviet union could only survive if the economy was completely rebuilt, removing the command economy |
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Why was the Soviet bankrupt? (By the mid 1980s) |
1) It had supported COMECON for 40 years, including Cuba. 2) Prices were heavily subsidised 3) Military expenditure continued to grow - ARMS RACE - Couldn't offend the military 4) Soviet Union relied on the west for food and technology, to be paid with foreign currency - So was desperate for it 5) Soviet exports were low quality as there was little incentive to work hard, as everyone was guaranteed a job and serivces 6) There was a large black market in West Goods and Currency - undermining the government. |
CSMFEB (Carl smiled at my feast, eyes blown) |
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How much did the USA spend on the Military in 1983? |
$300,000,000,000 - 300 Billion dollars |
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What was the INF treaty and when was it signed?
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1986 - Agreement to remove SS-20 and Cruise missiles from Europe.
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Why were no further agreements made on arms after the INF treaty? |
The Eastern Bloc countries simply disintegrated and the Soviet Union did nothing to respond |
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Why did the Red Army not respond to keep Eastern European countries leaving in the late 1980s? |
1) Gorbachev didn't order them to 2) It was unwilling to act, morale was destroyed in Afghanistan 3) Many soldiers had not been paid for 6 months |
GUP |
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How did the East collapse? |
1) Soviet troops withdrawn from Baltic states 2) Communist rule collapsed in Poland - Lech Walesa became President - 1989 3) Sept 89 - Hungary opened it's borders with Austria, so did East Germany, Many refugees left 4) Nov 89 - Communist Governments of East Germany, Czh and Bulgaria resigned 5) Dec 89 - Romanian dictator, Nicolai Ceausescu overthrown and shot 6) Christmas Day 89 - Gorbachev and Bush meet and announce Cold War is over |
Just learn it |
