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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Recall
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the use of a general cue to retrieve a memory
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Recognition
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the use of a specific cue to retrieve a memory
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Serial-position effect
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information at the beginning and end of a list is remembered better than the material in the middle
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Episodic memory
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a subdivision of declarative memory that stores memories of personal experiences and events
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Proactive interference
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occurs when old information interferes with recalling new information
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Retroactive interference
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occurs when new information interferes with recalling old information
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Retrograde amnesia
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someone who is suffering from this are unable to remember some or all of their past
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Anterograde amnesia
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someone with this are unable to form new memories
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Method of Loci
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the process of remembering several pieces of information by mentally associating an image of each with a different location
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Phonemes
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the smallest distinctive sound used in a language
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Morphemes
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the smallest units of meaning in a language
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Algorithm
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a logical, step by step procedure that, I followed correctly will eventually solve a specific problem
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Functional fixedness
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the tendency to think of an object as functioning only in its usual or customary way
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Confirmation bias
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a preference for information that confirms preexisting positions or beliefs, while ignoring or discovering contradictory evidence
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Heuristic
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a general rule of thumb or shortcut that is used to reduce the number of possible solutions
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Availability heuristic
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judging a likelihood of an event based on readily available personal experiences or news reports
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Representative heuriatic
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judging the likelihood of an event based on how well it matches a typical example or prototype
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Divergent thinking
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a type of thinking in which problem solvers devise a number of possible alternative approaches (major element in creativity)
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