Cog Test 2 Chapter 5

Front 1

Memory

Back 1

Mechanism that allows one to retain and retrieve information over time

Front 2

Short Term Memory (STM)

Back 2

Moment to moment conscious thoughts and perception

Front 3

Working Memory(WM)

Back 3

Underlies STM and communicates with LTM

Front 4

Chunk

Back 4

group of information put together

Front 5

Chunking

Back 5

Relating items to what he or she already knows

Front 6

Retroactive Interference

Back 6

Something newer makes it difficult to remember something older( New vs old phone number)

Front 7

Proactive Interference

Back 7

Something older makes it difficult to remember something newer

Front 8

Maintenance Rehearsal

Back 8

Saying something repeatedly in order to keep it in the mind

Front 9

Elaborative Rehearsal

Back 9

Thinking about meaningful relationships among items to be learned

Front 10

Primacy Effect

Back 10

Beginning is remembered more than the middle

Front 11

Recency Effect

Back 11

Last items are remembered more than the middle

Front 12

Negative Recency

Back 12

Last items will not be remembered if they are not written down 10-20 seconds after they are presented

Front 13

Modality Effect

Back 13

More difficulty with visual presentation than auditory presentation

Front 14

Phonological Loop

Back 14

Subsystem of WM dedicated to temporary storage of phonological information

Front 15

Phonological store

Back 15

acoustic represenation of the stimulus is stored

Front 16

Articulatory Control Process

Back 16

Maintains and refreshes the elements in the phonological store

Front 17

Visuospatial Sketchpad

Back 17

Stores visually presented information

Front 18

Visual Cache

Back 18

Temporarily stores visual information that comes from perceptual experience, and the form and color of what we perceive

Front 19

Inner Scribe

Back 19

Refreshes all the stored information and briefly stores information of bodily movements

Front 20

Episodic Buffer

Back 20

Takes events from the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad and makes them into a sequence

Front 21

Central Executive

Back 21

Coordinates the activities of the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, and episodic buffer. Also communicates with LTM via episodic buffer

Front 22

Phonological Confusions

Back 22

Memory for items that sound alike is worse than those that sound different

Front 23

Word Length Effect

Back 23

STM span decreases as the length of the words to be memorized increases

Front 24

Irrelevant Speech Effect

Back 24

Background speech interfering with silent verbal rehearsal

Front 25

Learning

Back 25

Permanent change in behavior that results from experience