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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Is glucose a disaccharide?
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no, it's a monosaccharide
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What's the major sorce of fuel in the body?
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fat
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After eating a meal, the major source of fuel for the liver is?
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glucose from the diet
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What does phophofructokinase 2 do?
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converts fructorse-6-phosphate to fructose-2,6-biphosphate
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What activates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase?
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NADH
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What does glycogen contains?
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glucose joined by alpha1,4 glycosidic bonds and some apha1,6 glycosidic bonds, and gycogenic core protein
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on which component of the ATP synthase complex, is ATP made?
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the alpha/beta dimer
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In the liver, what is activated in respond to glucagon?
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phophorylase
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What does superoxide dismutase catalyzes?
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superoxide and protons to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide
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what converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate?
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pyruvate carboxylase
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Where does the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacete occur?
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mitochondria
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what's the first step in gluconeogenesis from pyruvate?
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the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
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What's an anapleurotic reaction for the TCA cycle?
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conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
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What does the pentose phosphate pathway always produces?
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ribose-5-phosphate
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What is glycosaminoglycan made of?
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repeating disaccharide
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Malnutrition state is called?
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Marasmus
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In the electron transport, what accepts electron from Complex I?
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Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone)
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What activates phophofructokinase-1?
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fructose -2,6 bisphosphate
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When epinephrine binds to it's alpha receptor, what does calcium-calmodulin activates?
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phosphorylase kinase
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After 5-6 weeks of starvation what keeps blood glucose levels in narrow range?
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gluconeogenesis from lactase and glycerol
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When glucagon binds to its hepatic receptor, is pyruvate kinase activated?
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no, it's inactivates
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What does the Na+ dependent gluose transporters in the intesine?
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transport glusose into the cell along with a sodium ion
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Is insulin a peptide hormone?
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Yes
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Is insulin secreted from pancreatic beta-cells?
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yes
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does insuline contain disulfide bonds?
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yes
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is insulin synthesized as preproinsulin?
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yes
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What transfers electrons produced in glycolysis to the electron transport chain?
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glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
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how many ATPs are produced to use the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle?
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2 ATPs
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What transfers electrons to FAD in the mitochondria?
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glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
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What uses the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol-3-phosphate?
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glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
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when blood glucose increases after a meal, insulin is released resulting in an increase or decrease in hepatic glycogen production?
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increase
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