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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION in the body?
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CHEMICAL/CELLULAR/TISSUE/ORGAN/SYSTEM
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What are ATOMS?
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Smallest units of matter
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What are MOLECULES?
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Atoms joined together
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What is a CELL?
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Smallest functional unit of an organism
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What is TISSUE?
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Different cells working together to perform a specific function
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What is an ORGAN?
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2 or more different tissues that form together into a recognizable structure
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What is a system?
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2 or more organs or structures that work together to perform a function
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What is in the INTEGUMENTARY system?
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skin/hair/nails
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What is in the SKELATAL system?
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bones/joints/cartilage connections/ligaments
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What is in the MUSCULAR system?
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muscle/tendons
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What is in the NERVOUS system?
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brain/spinal cord/nerves
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What is in the ENDOCRINE system?
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glands
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What is in the CARDIOVASCULAR system?
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heart/blood vessels
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What is in the LYMPHATIC system?
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lymph vessels/tonsils/thymus gland/lymph nodes
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What is in the RESPITORY system?
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pharynx/larynx/trachea/bronchi/alveoli/vessels
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What is in the SPECIAL SENDORY system?
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eyes/ears/taste buds
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What is in the DIGESTIVE system?
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stomach/spleen/liver/intestines
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What is in the REPRODUCTIVE system (male)?
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penis/testicles
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What is in the REPRODUCTIVE system (female)?
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uterus/fallopian tubes/ovaries
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What is METABOLISM?
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All chemical reactions in the body?
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What chemical reactions BREAKS DOWN large complex molecules into energy?
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CATABOLISM
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What chemical reactions BUILDS complex molecules for storage or to make things in the body??
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ANABOLISM
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What is RESPONSIVENESS?
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Body's ability to DETECT & RESPOND & ADJUST to internal and external changes/stimuli
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What is MOVEMENT?
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Motion of the body/organs/cells and organelles inside cells
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List 7 examples of movement.
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SECRETION/EXCRETION/RESPIRATION/PERISTALIS/BLOOD FLOW/LYMPH FLOW/OVULATION
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What is SECRETION?
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releasing enzymes/sweat/saliva
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What is EXCRETION?
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removal of wastes
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What is RESPIRATION?
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exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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What is PERISTALSIS?
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movement of food
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What is GROWTH?
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increase in the size of a body/cell/tissue/organ
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List 3 examples of GROWTH.
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Increase in the size of a cell/increase in the number of cells/increase in the material surrounding cells
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What is DIFFERENTIATION?
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Unspecialized cells become specialized for a specific function
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What is REPRODUCTION?
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formation of new cells
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What is MITOSIS?
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formation of individual new cells for growth/repair/replacement
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What is MEIOSIS?
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formation of a who new person
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What is ANATOMY?
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Study of structures
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What is PATHOLOGY?
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Study of disease
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What is PHYSIOLOGY?
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Study of function
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What is HOMEOSTASIS?
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Maintaining the same environment despite internal or external changes/Balance of all body functions
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What is HOMEOSTASIS controlled by?
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ENDOCRINE system and NERVOUS system
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What is a FEEDBACK SYSTEM?
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METHODS USED TO MONITOR AND ADJUST TO CHANGING CONDITIONS
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List the 2 feedback systems.
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NEGATIVE feedback/POSITIVE feedback
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What is NEGATIVE FEEDBACK?
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Process that REVERSES a change back to normal
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What is POSITVE feedback?
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Process that ENHANCES and ENABLES change to continue
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List body conditions maintained through feedback systems.
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blood pressure/blood volume/body temp/hormone level/chemical levels/acidity levels/oxygen levels
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What is a CONDITION?
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internal body condition that is monitored/adjusted and controlled
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What is a STIMULUS?
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anything that changes a controlled condition
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What is a SENSOR?
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receptor nerve endings that monitor and detect stimulus
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What is a CONTROL CENTER?
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The controller - (the brain or other organs)
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What is an EFFECTOR?
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An ORGAN used to adjust the condition back to normal
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What is the feedback system that controls UNDESIRED CHANGE?
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negative feedback
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What is the feedback system that controls DESIRED CHANGE?
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positive feedback
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How does a negative feedback system function?
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reversal of an abnormal condition back into a normal range using continual adjustment
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How does a positive feedback system function?
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enhance and increase a control condition until the stimulus is no longer present then it stops.
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What is HEALTH?
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Absence of Disease
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What is WELLNESS?
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emotional/physical/spiritual/occupational/intellectual & societal well being
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What is a SIGN of a disease?
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Objective facts that can be viewed from an impartial observer
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What is a SYMPTOM of a disease?
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Subjective non-observable changes in function
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What is AGING'S effect on HOMEOSTASIS?
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Decline in the body's ability to maintain and restore homeostasis
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