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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deformation |
any change in the original shape and/or size of a rock body |
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stress |
force per unit area acting on a solid |
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strain |
change in shape or volume of a body of rock as a result of stress |
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isostasy |
concept of floating crust in gravitational balance (iso = equal and stasis =stand) |
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isostatic adjustment |
process of establishing a new level of gravitational balance |
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anticline |
usually formed by the upfolding or arching of rock layers |
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syncline |
formed by downfolding or troughs |
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monocline |
large step-like folds in otherwise horizontal sedimentary strata |
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normal fault |
occurs when the hanging wall block moves down relative to the footwall block |
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reverse fault |
occurs when a hanging wall block moves up relative to the footwall block |
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Thrust fault |
a kind of reverse fault with dips of less than 45 degrees |
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orogenesis |
collection of processes involved in mountain building (oro=mountain, geny= born) |
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folded mountain |
formed by compressional stress |
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graben |
ditch or trench, elongated valley |
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horst |
relatively uplifted structure that border a graben |
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fault-block mountain |
forms as large blocks of crust are uplifted and tilted along normal faults |
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strike-slip fault |
where the movement is horizontal and parallel to the trend, or strike, of the fault surface |
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accretionary wedge |
Large wedge-shaped mass of sediment that accumulates on the landward side of a subduction zones |
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accretion |
Process that occurs when crustal fragments collide with and stay connected to a continental plate |
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terrane |
accreted crustal blocks |
