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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Gray matter: definition, location in brain vs. spinal cord, composition |
Definition/Composition: Cellular tissue of brain and spinal cord (cell bodies) Location: Outside of brain, inside of SC (mostly); cortex or nuclei |
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Cortex (cortical gray matter): definition, features |
Definition: external covering of cerebrum and cerebellum Features: gyri/folia, sulci/fissures |
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Gyrus |
Outward ridge of cortical folds over Cerebral hemispheres |
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Folium |
Outward ridge of cortical folds over Cerebellar hemispheres |
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Sulci |
Grooves in cortex |
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Fissure |
Especially deep sulcus |
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Nuclei (neural tissue) |
Internal aggregations of neurons and glial cells |
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White Matter: definition/composition, location, |
Definition/Composition: Neuronal projections (mostly axons) surrounded by myelin Location: medullary (core of corticol and cerebellar hemispheres), tracts |
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Tracts |
Sensory of motor pathways running through brain, brainstem, and spinal cord |
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Meninges of the brain: Definition, list (3) |
Definition: Non-neural, membranous coverings surrounding the brain
Names: pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater |
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Pia mater |
reflective, shiny surface of brain and spinal cord (continuous with them) |
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Arachnoid |
thin, non-vascular membranous tissue covering blood vessels and pial surface beneath. Does not follow pia into folds (does go into fissures) |
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Subarachnoid space |
Contains CSF during life, between pia and arachnoid space |
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Dura mater |
Outermost of meninges, surrounds and supports brain. Tough, fibrous, non-distensible. All meninges extend down with spinal cord. |
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Cerebrum: appearance, function |
Appearance: largest, most obvious part of brain Function: Site of most complex sensory, motor, and cognitive abilities. Highly developed in humans compared to others |
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Cerebellum: Appearance, function |
Appearance: The little bonus piece at the posterior base of the brain. Looks leafy when cut. Function: Coordination of movement and others |
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Brainstem: Appearance + parts |
Staff on which rest of brain sits like a head. Thalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata. |
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Corpus collosum: Appearance, function, 4 divisions |
Appearance: White central chicken slice in middle of brain when hemisected Function: Major group of nerve fibers that connects two cerebral hemispheres. Divisions: Rostrum, genu, body, splenium (ventral to rostral to caudal) |
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Lateral ventricles: Location, definition |
Definition: Fluid-filled spaces within cerebral hemispheres Location: Within brain, under corpus collosum |
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Telencephalon: other name/extent |
Forebrain. Cerebral hemispheres, lateral ventricles, most of outside part |
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Diencephalon: other name/extent |
No other name. Hypothalamus included. Forms walls of 3rd ventricle. |
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Mesencephalon: other name/extent |
Midbrain. Cerebral aqueduct (connecting 3rd and 4th ventricles) passes through here |
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Metencephalon: Pieces + extent |
Pons + cerebellum.
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Myelencephalon: other name/extent |
Medulla oblongata, small and caudal portion of brainstem |
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Cranial nerve name order |
Names in order, except for hypoglossal |
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Crus cerebri (cerebral peduncles): definition, location |
Definition: large tracts, carry info to/from cerebral cortex Location: ID's midbrain on ventral side |
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Pons: Identification, features |
Fibers in pons are transverse. Middle cerebellar peduncle arise from dorsolateral pons and enter cerebellum. Dorsal surface of pons form rostral floor of 4th ventricle. |
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Medulla: ID, features |
Large longitudinal fiber tracts, pyramids, protrude from ventral medulla. Olives protrude on the sides |