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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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METHYLXANTHINES:
Caffeine Theophylline Aminophylline Theobromine |
Non-specific PDEi – increases levels of cGMP and cAMP
bronchodilation and positive effects on the heart Side Effects: Insomnia, Agitation, Tremors, Anxiety, Arrhythmias, can worsen angina, seizures Indications: Asthma and COPD |
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Nicotine
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Ganglionic Agonist
Adverse Effects: Irritability, diarrhea, tremors, increase in heart rate and blood pressure Varenicline is a partial agonist used in smoking cessation |
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Cocaince
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blocks reuptake of catecholamines
Also local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive effects causes alertness, relieves depression, euphoria Stimulation in the PNS causes sympathetic overexcitation (tachycardia, hypertension, ↑ C.O., mydriasis, ↑ PVR, hyperthermia, arrhythmias |
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AMPHETAMINES
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: Stimulation of the cardiovascular system, CNS stimulatory effects (decreased fatigue, alertness, euphoria, increased motor activity and reflexes), anorexia, stimulation of medullary respiratory centers
Side Effects: Irritability, Psychosis, Physical and Psychological dependence, Withdrawal syndrome, Insomnia, Arrhythmias, Hypertension, Seizures used for ADD/ADHD and narcolepsy Not to be used with MAOIs, hypertension, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, anticholinergics (hyperthermia) |
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METHYLPHENIDATE
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Psychostimulant used for ADD/ADHD and Narcolepsy
Blocks DAT and NET Side Effects: GI disturbances, insomnia, restlessness, anorexia, hyperthermia, seizures |
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ANALEPTICS:
Modafinil Armodafinil |
used for treating Narcolepsy and ADD/ADHD
Mechanism of Action is the release of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the CNS. Also increases histamine release in the hypothalamus Adverse Effects: Erythema Multiforme, Steven-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis |
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ANALEPTICS:
Doxapram |
Used to stimulate respiratory centers
Side Effects: Tachycardia, Hypertension, Anxiety, Tremors, Convulsions Undine's Curse |
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HALLUCINOGENS:
LSD and DMT |
Serotonin receptor agonist
Activation of the Sympathetic Nervous System causing mydriasis, hypertension, piloerection, hyperthermia Psilocybin only acts on the serotonergic receptors Adverse Effects: Nausea and vomiting, hyperreflexia HALOPERIDOL and other neuroleptics can block the hallucinatory effects |
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HALLUCINOGENS:
THC |
as partial agonist at endocannabinoid receptors
Dronabinol (agonist) is used to increase appetite and decrease pain perception Rimonabant (antagonist) is used for weight loss |
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Phencyclidine (PCP)
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Inhibition of NMDA receptors. May have some action at dopamine receptors (partial agonist).
Effects of PCP: decreased pain sensation, hypersalivation (cholinergic), nystagmus, muscle rigidity, delirium |
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MDMA
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ecstacy |
Altered sense of time, euphoria, enhanced perception, increased energy, sexual arousal
Side effects: tachycardia, xerostomia, increased motor activity (jaw clenching), hallucinations, hyperthermia, agitation (anxiety) hallucinatory and CNS stimulant |
