Cns Path Neoplasms

Front 1

What% of CNS tumors are metastatic? where are they found?

Back 1

50% multiple lesions, found mostly at gray/white matter junction

Front 2

What are the two main primary CNS tumors?

Back 2

meningiomas and glioblastoma multiforma. Primary, invasive, and large single tumors.

Front 3

Signs and symptoms of CNS tumors

Back 3

late night or early morning headaches, seizures, mental status changes, focal neurologic deficits

Front 4

Astrocytomas

Back 4

have fibrillary background, stain with GFAP, ill defined border.

Front 5

two types of astrocytomas

Back 5

fibrillary: and pilocytic

Front 6

Grades of astrocytomas

Back 6

grade 1,2 well differentiated grade 3. anaplastic, aggressive grade 4: glioblastoma multiforma most common, and most lethal

Front 7

Gross and microscopic morphology of glioblastoma multiforma

Back 7

occur in white matter, ill defined, often crosses corpus callosum, ring enhancing on CT/MRI. butterfly shape. hyperchromatic, anaplastic, central necrosis,marked vessel proliferation pseudopallisading cells

Front 8

Most common and most lethal tumor in adult brain

Back 8

glioblastoma multiforma, usually above tentorium cerebelli (70%)

Front 9

Pilocytic astrocytomas

Back 9

usually bening tumors, occuring in children, found below tentorium cerebelli (70%). gross: cystic masses with a mural nodule. Micro: spindled shaped astrocytes, with rosenthal fibers

Front 10

Oligodendroglioma

Back 10

tumor of oligodendrocytes, usually in adults, in frontal lobe white matter. causes seizures. calcified mass on x ray. nucleus is surrounded by a halo, a fried egg appearance. chicken wire vessels

Front 11

ependymoma

Back 11

ependymal cell tumor. in kids, found in 4th ventricle, in adults, found in lateral ventricles or spinal cord. well circumscribed papillary tumors in ventricular cavities

Front 12

clinical presentation of ependymomas

Back 12

cause obstructive hydrocephalus, get more aggressive over time, and recur after surgery

Front 13

meningiomas

Back 13

normally found in adults, come from meningothelial cells of the arachnoid. attached to dura. could cause focal neuro signs from pressure. micro: spindle shaped whirling patterns with dystrophic calcifications, called psammoma bodies

Front 14

Primitive neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET)

Back 14

highly undifferentiated. arise from primordial neural glial precursors. named for where its found. normally in childhood, small round blue tumor cells, all aggressive

Front 15

Schwannomas

Back 15

S100+ tumors, normally found on 8th CN, called accoustic neuromas. if bilateral, they are seen with type 2 neurofibromatosis. spindle shaped cells form verocay bodies

Front 16

craniopharyngioma

Back 16

benign tumors formed from remnants of rathkes pouch in the supracellar region. normally in kids. cystic, can be calcified, can press on optic chiasm