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65 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Prevention Bacterial Meningitis

Health education


Immunization: Bi, Tri, Quadrivalant


not result in Herd Immunitu



Control of Bacterial Meningitis

Report to LHO


Isolation


Concurrent disinfection


Protection of contacts- Rifampicin -


Investigation of contacts


Specifc Treatment



Drug: Does NOT cause Prolactinemia:

Resperpine

Drug: Treatment of Opoid dependency

Methadone

Buprenorphine:

Partial Agonist at u Receptor

Tolerance occurs to all of Actions of Opoids EXCEPT

Miosis

New born develops respiratory depression in postoperative wards: result of?

opoids

Naltrexone used in treatment of _____ of Opoid addiction

Overdose


NOT an Opoid Agonist

Ketamine


Pregnant tonic clonic seizures uses Phenobaritone stops 4 month into pregnancy:

Decision wrong for risk of Teratogenacity toxicity is highest at first trimester

Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome seen in pregnancy +

Phenytoin

Effect of Valproate EXCEPT

Osteomalacia

Enhances levels of Levodopa in Parkinson's

Entacapone

History of Head injury , NOT to use for analgesia

morphine

Chronic treatment of Epelipsy , S/E hirtruism & gingval Hyperplasia

Phenytoin

Entacapone useful in Levodopa-carbidopa treatment b/c

Decreases formation of 3-OMD

Antiepeliptic drug used for treatment of Post herpetic neuralgia

Gaba pentin

Tramadol

opoid analgesc

Abcensce seizure

Ethosuxamide

Headache Aspirin => severe shortness of breathe


Responsible?

Leukotriends

Action of Aspirin at lowest dose

Antiplatelet

Acute inflammatory swelling of lower limb:


NOT useful ?

Paracetamol

Post-operative pain, NSAIDS:

Ketoralic

Child +Viral infection + high fever


C/I NSAIDS?

Aspirin

Parkinsonism: Levodopa + vit b =>

Decreased Efficacy

Selegilline: NOT

a MOA-A inhibitor

Granulomatous amebic meningo-encephalitis (GAM) is caused by:

Acanthamoeba Castellani

Protozoan + Nuclear Chromatin particles

Entamoeba histolytica

Trypsonomiasis Lab Diagnosis?

Aspirate Chancre


Csf Examination

NOT a pathogenic free living amoeba

Entamoeba Histolytica

Plasmodium Falciparum does NOT

produces single infection of the RBCs.

A woman + returned from Africa+paroxysmal attacks of chills, fever, and sweating


last a day or two at a time and recur every 36 to 48 h.


Examination of a stained blood : ring like and crescent-like forms within red blood cells.

Plasmodium falciparum

Protozoan flagellated

N. fowleri

Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis (PAM)

N.fowleri


Spine like psuedopods trophozoite

Acanthamoeba castellani

Polymorphic pattern of Trypomastigote

Trypanosoma gambiense

WRONG : neiseria meningitis:

coagulase production

All of the Meningococci ,pneumococci has

Capsule


Case: Brain abscess after teeth removal:

Aneurobic streptococci

Neiseria meningitis :

Produce enzymes: igA oxidase, oxidase


CAN"T Exotoxin

Case: young boy +missed immunzation + Meningitis+ CSF ^^ polymorphs & Gram stain -ve poliomorphic rods, Isolation on chocolate agar

H. influenza


VF: Polysacchride capsule

Newborn + meningitis+ short gram +ve rods

Neisseria onocytoges (form mother birth canal, unpasterized milk)


(Lesteria monocytogenes?)

H.influenza confirm

chocolate agar x and v factor

Neonatal meningitis + bulging of ant frotal +gp B stretoticocci: Patho?

capsule invade csf , dont have anticapsular 'specif" Ab,-> negative opsonization " enhance Phagocytosis"

Lesteria monocytogenes infect young child with all vaccines for septic meningitis

No vacc for lesteria, e.coli, strepto A & B

Child died of septic shock , gram -ve isolated in blodd & csf


fever, hypotenstion

"meningococci"


Cultre?; Modified thayer martin medium


imp VF: Endotoxin : lipooligosacchride

Rabies virus

Causes late manifestation: previleged site: away from immunity


ACTIVE PASSIVE and Active vacc

Child bitten dog with Rabies: Delayed immunity?

replicate at privileged site

N.meningitis:

facultativea anaerobe


has oxidase enzyme

Immunocompromised +/ temporal lobe lesion + Multinucleated giant cell (intranucleus)

Inclusion bodies, herpis simplex virus

Meningitis seen with

C5-C9 deffincency "genetics"

Defense mechanism to prione

changing the nomad configuration of normal prion

Prions not activated by ultraviolet rays

sensitive to autoclave

Meningiococcal vaccine which one to be given to child

Congugated

one Ag com + B lymphocyte


IgM +no memory cells othres mp t ce;; dependent protein ( conjugate vaccine)

T-cell dependent

Teeth extraction after one moth with brain abscess

Anaerobic infect : bacteroides, Anaerobic streptococci

characters of arboVirus:

(study all )

N. meningitis grow best at

Facculitative

child with increase fever, neck stiffness " bacterial meningitis " csf with increased WBC count 98% polymorphous 'bacterial infection' Gram stain polymorphic -ve rods


child missed some vaccine

Hemophilis influenza infection

Fever G -ve polymorphic coccobacilli, neck stiffness, lab: isolation with

x and v factor in chocolate agar

Neonate came to emerge with fever and bulging of ant frontanale LP is taken and CSF is isolated and found group B streptococci agalactia .


this disease transmitted during birth through vagina birth canal


Mechanism to allow it to pass to the blood?

Capsule which : -inh opsoization, -inh phagocytosis => more invasion => reach CNS

septic meningitis ( Hypothension , fever , petechial hemorrhage)


Endotoxin

lipopolysacchride oligosaccaride lipid A

case with desiminated vesicular leis one, by herpis Simplex virus,Confirm by acyclovir ,a nd doing lab test to Dx by

PCR

Progressive multifocal incephalopathy caused by slow viral

Polio virus, it invades all the brain

Temporal lobe lesion of immune compromised pt MRI , biopsy show multi nucleated giant cells and intranuclear inclusion bodies.

Herpis Simplex infection