Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
|
*Chronic Neurodegenerative autoimmune
*Acute attack of MS: Body's antibodies target & destroy oligodendrocytes, myelin, axonal membranes (This leads to nerve conduction electrical impulses malfunction) -Treatment focuses on slowing process, managing exacerbations, & managing symptoms -Common in young adults (20-40 years) Causes: unknown, genetically linked, virus, microbe Early Symptoms: Muscle weakness, visual disturbances, paresthesias, mild mood disturbances, difficulties controlling bladder Progessive Symptoms: Heat sensitivity, neuropathic pain, spasticity, change in cognitive function, alterations in balance, sexual dysfunction, slurred speech |
|
Immunomodulators (Drugs)
|
*Increases immune response
glatiramer acelate/Copaxone interferon beta-1a/Avonex,Rebif interferon beta-1b/Betaseron natalizumab/Tysabri |
|
glatiramer acetate/Copaxone
|
*Administered daily SC
*Prefilled syringes must be kept at room temp. *Decrease formation of new brain lesions AE: Discomfort, flushing chest pain, weakness, infection, pain, nausea, joint pain, anxiety, muscle stiffness |
|
interferon beta-1a/Avonex, Rebif
|
*Administer once per week IM or 3 times SC
Reduces MS symptoms & decreases number of lesions AE: Flulike symptoms, anxiety, discomfort @ injection site, liver toxicity |
|
interferon beta-1b/Betaseron
|
*Adminstered every other day SC
*Reduces severity of MS symptoms and decreases number of lesions AE: Some as interferon beta-1a |
|
natalizumab/Tysabri
|
* Administered once a month via IV
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is rare & potentially fatal demyelinating *Only providers w/ PML training may adminster *Most effective of MS treatment |
|
prednisone/Deltasone
methylprednisone sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol) |
Management of Exacerbations
*High Dose Corticosteroids |
|
Parkinson Disease
|
Cause: unknown. linked to insufficient Dopamine
Symptoms: Tremors, Muscle rigidity, Bradykinesia, Postural Instability |
|
Dapaminergics (Drug Therapy and Drugs)
|
*Increase Dopamine Levels
amantadine hydrochloride/Symmetrel bromocriptine mesylate/Parlodel carbidopa-levodopa/Sinemet, Parcopa levodopa/Larodopa pramipexole dihydrochloride/Mirapex ropinirole hydrochloride/Requip selegiline hydrochloride/Carbex, Eldepryl, Zelapar |
|
amantadine hydrochloride/Symmetrel
|
*Antiviral that causes release of dopamine
AE: Dizziness/light headedness, anxiety, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension, dysrrthymias, heart failure |
|
bromocriptine mesylate/Parlodel
|
*Dopaminergic agonist that activates receptors
AE: Shock, MI, Nausea, Orthostatic Hypotension |
|
carbidopa-levodopa/Sinemet, Parcopa
|
Decreases breakdown of levodopa which increases effectiveness of levodopa
Parcopa can be dissolved on tongue AE: Involuntary movements, Orthostatic Hypotension, Nausea, Vomiting, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, agranulocytes, depression |
|
levodopa/Larodopa
|
*DRUG OF CHOICE for Parkinson
Improvement 2-3 weeks Provides dopamine replacement can cross blood-brain barrier |
|
pramipexole dihydrochloride/Mirapex
|
Dopamic agonist
AE: EPS, Asthenia, postural hypotension, insomnia, hallucinations, sleep attacks, constipation |
|
ropinirole hydrochloride/Requip
|
Dopamic agonist
|
|
selegiline hydrochloride/Carbex, Eldepryl, Zelapar
|
*Monamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
Inhibits enzyme that destroy levodopa & dopamine AE: Nausea, Dyskineasias, Hallucinations |