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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
P wave
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electrical activity (depolarization) & simultaneous contraction of both atria
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PR segment
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flat baseline after P wave but before QRS complex
represents AV nodal delay (pause in conduction) |
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QRS complex
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electrical activity (depolarization) & simultaneous contraction of both ventricles
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ST segment
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flat baseline before T wave
represents plateau phase before repolarization |
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T wave
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repolarization of both ventricles
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intrinsic electrical activity of heart
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SA node = 60-100 bpm ("pacemaker")
AV node = 40-60 bpm ("gatekeeper") bundle of His/purkinje fibers = 20-40 bpm (not conducive to life) |
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clinical significance of the QT interval
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(QT interval = period from beginning of QRS complex to end of T wave)
- a long QT interval often warns that a pt is vulnerable to irregular rhythms - some drugs prolong the QT interval so these pts ^ would be contraindicated for them |
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limb leads
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- record activity in the coronal or frontal plane of body
- bipolar configurations --> have 1 positive pole electrode & 1 negative pole electrode --> energy moves FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE |
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3 limb lead placement
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right & left wrists, left ankle
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chest leads
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- record activity in the axial (horizontal) plane of the body --> from posterior of heart to anterior of heart
- 12 leads (including chest leads) |
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sinus bradycardia
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rate is below 60 bpm
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sinus tachycardia
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rate is above 100 bpm
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sinus arrhythmia
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HR increases w/ inspiration (could be normal)
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atrial flutter
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looks like saw tooth (lots of P waves but not as many QRS complexes)
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A fib
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baseline is irregularly irregular (quivering atria - atrial rate is above 300)
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V tach
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very WIDE qrs complexes
(must be shocked or medicated away) |
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V fib
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QRS waves all over the place - completely irregularly irregular
(must be defibrillated away) |
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Mobitz type I/Wenckebach (2nd degree AV block)
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PR interval starts out normal, gets longer & longer, and then you have a P wave with no QRS
**irregular** (going, going, gone) |
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Mobitz Type II (2nd degree AV block)
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some amount of P waves w/o QRS -
could be 2:1 (2 P waves for every 1 QRS) or could be 3:1 (3 P waves for every 1 QRS) extremely bradycardic **regular** |