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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
P wave
electrical activity (depolarization) & simultaneous contraction of both atria
PR segment
flat baseline after P wave but before QRS complex

represents AV nodal delay (pause in conduction)
QRS complex
electrical activity (depolarization) & simultaneous contraction of both ventricles
ST segment
flat baseline before T wave

represents plateau phase before repolarization
T wave
repolarization of both ventricles
intrinsic electrical activity of heart
SA node = 60-100 bpm ("pacemaker")

AV node = 40-60 bpm ("gatekeeper")

bundle of His/purkinje fibers = 20-40 bpm (not conducive to life)
clinical significance of the QT interval
(QT interval = period from beginning of QRS complex to end of T wave)

- a long QT interval often warns that a pt is vulnerable to irregular rhythms
- some drugs prolong the QT interval so these pts ^ would be contraindicated for them
limb leads
- record activity in the coronal or frontal plane of body

- bipolar configurations --> have 1 positive pole electrode & 1 negative pole electrode --> energy moves FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE
3 limb lead placement
right & left wrists, left ankle
chest leads
- record activity in the axial (horizontal) plane of the body --> from posterior of heart to anterior of heart

- 12 leads (including chest leads)
sinus bradycardia
rate is below 60 bpm
sinus tachycardia
rate is above 100 bpm
sinus arrhythmia
HR increases w/ inspiration (could be normal)
atrial flutter
looks like saw tooth (lots of P waves but not as many QRS complexes)
A fib
baseline is irregularly irregular (quivering atria - atrial rate is above 300)
V tach
very WIDE qrs complexes

(must be shocked or medicated away)
V fib
QRS waves all over the place - completely irregularly irregular

(must be defibrillated away)
Mobitz type I/Wenckebach (2nd degree AV block)
PR interval starts out normal, gets longer & longer, and then you have a P wave with no QRS

**irregular**

(going, going, gone)
Mobitz Type II (2nd degree AV block)
some amount of P waves w/o QRS -

could be 2:1 (2 P waves for every 1 QRS)

or could be 3:1 (3 P waves for every 1 QRS)

extremely bradycardic

**regular**