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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Which of the following is correct?
A drug-eluting stent B drug-alluding stent C drug-eluding stent D drug-eluting stint |
A drug-eluting stent
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A drug-eluting stent is placed in a blocked coronary artery to open the vessel and keep it open (patent). Medication to prevent the artery from becoming blocked again (restenosis) is embedded into the stent material and released slowly in a process called elution. Elute means to separate one material from another using a solvent. In this case, the drug is "separated" from the stent by slowly dissolving into the blood (the solvent).
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The following were taken from pelvic ultrasound reports. Which one is transcribed correctly?
A Left adnexa is normal. B Left adnexa are surgically absent. C Right adnexum are normal. D Right and left adnexum are normal. |
B Left adnexa are surgically absent.
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Adnexa (singular adnexum) are accessory structures, and in the case of uterine adnexa, include the fallopian tube, ovary, and associated ligaments. Since the uterus has several accessory structures on each side, the term is always used in the plural, even when referencing only one side, right or left.
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Which of the following would be reported on a Pap smear?
A CIN B DUB C fibroids D DCIS |
A CIN
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CIN is the abbreviation for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, a precancerous condition of the cervix. The degree of involvement is indicated by grading 1-3. Dictators often pronounce this finding as "sin-1," "sin-2," or "sin-3."
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Which of the following is the percentage of the volume of a blood sample represented by red blood cells?
A differential B hemogram C hematocrit D hemoglobin |
C hematocrit
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Hematocrit is defined as the percentage of blood volume represented by the red blood cells. Hematocrit comes from the two combining forms hemato, meaning blood, and krinos, meaning to separate. Hematocrit was originally measured by centrifuging a blood sample (which separates the cells from the watery portion) and comparing the height of the column of red cells to the height of the column of red cells and plasma combined. In modern laboratories, the hematocrit is calculated using automated equipment, although using a centrifuge remains the "gold standard."
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Which of the following is prescribed for sleep?
A Celebrex B Rozerem C Xalatan D Remeron |
B Rozerem
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Rozerem (ramelteon) is a new class of nonnarcotic sleep aid which is reported to not cause dependence. Remeron is an antidepressant, Celebrex is an antiinflammatory, and Xalatan is used to treat glaucoma.
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The patient has hirsutism and oligoovulation, consistent with polycystic ovarian syndrome. What can be said about this patient?
A The patient would be a good oocyte donor. B She is probably being treated for cancer. C She is probably being treated for infertility. D The patient ovulates late in her cycle. |
C She is probably being treated for infertility.
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The prefix oligo- means few or infrequent, so oligoovulation means infrequent ovulation. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common cause of infertility.
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Indurated means
A red. B long-standing. C softened. D hardened. |
D hardened
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Indurated comes from the root word durus which means hard. The term indurated usually refers to soft tissues which have become extremely firm, yet not as hard as bone. Other words using this same root word include dura mater (tough membrane covering the brain) and epidural (outside the dural mater).
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Which of the following is correct?
A Graves disease B Homan sign C anterior Drawer sign D nursemaid's elbow |
A Graves disease
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Eponyms (diseases named for individuals) no longer carry the possessive style (e.g., Tinel's sign should be transcribed Tinel sign). Graves disease is named for Robert Graves and always includes the final 's.' Homans sign also includes a terminal 's' as part of the eponym. Anterior drawer sign is not an eponym and should not be capitalized or made possessive. Nursemaid's elbow is written with the possessive because it is descriptive, not eponymic.
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Which of the following is transcribed correctly?
A ½ mL B Synthroid .2 mg C 156.5 pounds D 0.5 mL |
D 0.5 mL
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Metric measurements are always reported in decimals whereas non-metric units of measure, such as pounds and inches, are written with common fractions. Decimals less than one should be written with a leading zero, especially for medications (e.g., Synthroid 0.2 mg) so that the decimal is not overlooked and the dosage mistaken for 2 mg (resulting in a 10-fold error).
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Which of the following is transcribed correctly?
A Nuclear imaging studies showed a large apical perfusion defect consistent with prior myocardial infarction. B Nuclear imaging studies showed a large apical profusion defect consistent with prior myocardial infarction. C Nuclear imaging studies showed a large apical diffusion defect consistent with prior myocardial infarction. D Nuclear imaging studies showed a large apical effusion defect consistent with prior myocardial infarction. |
A Nuclear imaging studies showed a large apical perfusion defect consistent with prior myocardial infarction.
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Perfuse means to force fluid through an organ or tissue. Normally, the cardiac muscle is fully perfused with blood so that all areas of the heart receive oxygen. A nuclear imaging study shows areas within the walls of the heart which are not receiving adequate blood (adequate perfusion) due to either blockage of an artery or previous damage to the muscle.
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A patient's lab values are reported as sodium 125, potassium 3.0, BUN 30, creatinine 4.0, troponin I normal at 1.0, and CK normal at 35. Based on these values, which of the following could be included in the assessment?
A Status post myocardial infarction B Hyperkalemia C Renal disease D Diabetes mellitus |
C Renal disease
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BUN and creatinine are byproducts of metabolism that are normally found in the urine. Because there is no other mechanism for excreting BUN and creatinine, elevated values often indicate renal disease. Sodium and potassium values are also abnormal, which can also indicate kidney disease. A myocardial infarction would not be indicated, since both Troponin I and CK are normal. The potassium value of 3.0 is low, indicating hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
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"The patient is 2 weeks status post left hemispheric stroke. She is eating well and maintaining weight, although she still has right-sided paralysis and __________." Which of the following would most appropriately complete this sentence?
A dyscrasia B dysphagia C ectasia D dysphasia |
D dysphasia
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Dysphasia and dysphagia are the two most reasonable answers, but dysphasia (difficulty speaking) is the more likely answer. Dysphasia is caused by neurological damage, especially strokes on the left side of the brain. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is less likely, since the physician indicated she is eating well.
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The suffix -algia means
A inflammation. B burning. C soothing. D pain |
D pain
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-algia, which means pain, is a common suffix used in medical terminology. Examples include cephalgia (head pain), causalgia (burning pain), arthralgia (joint pain), and neuralgia (pain along the distribution of a nerve).
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The suffix -profen is indicative of which class of pharmaceuticals?
A antibiotics B NSAIDs C antihistamines D sleep aids |
B NSAIDs
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The suffix -profen is used in the common nonsteroidal inflammatory medications ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and also in the narcotic-NSAID combination Vicoprofen.
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Which of the following is punctuated incorrectly?
A recently-completed workup B cul-de-sac C 3- to 4-cm lesion D The patient is well developed and well nourished. |
A recently-completed workup
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A hyphen is not used to join a compound modifier that includes an adverb ending in ly. Cul-de-sac is always hyphenated. Well developed and well nourished are not hyphenated when they follow the noun, but are hyphenated when used as a compound modifier preceding the noun (well-developed patient).
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Which of the following is correct?
A The father, but neither of his sons, have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. B The father and his son has been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. C Neither the father nor his son have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. D The father and his son have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. |
D The father and his son have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease.
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A subject with two nouns joined by the word and takes a plural verb (have). Subjects joined by neither
nor are considered singular and therefore take the singular verb (has). Option D is not correct because the subject (the father) is singular. The dependent clause but neither of his sons is not part of the subject and should not be considered when determining verb agreement.
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Which of the following findings would be transcribed correctly on an EKG?
A right axes deviation B right excess deviation C right axis deviation D right access deviation |
C right axis deviation
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The axis is the general direction of the electrical impulse through the heart. A normal axis is directed to the bottom left. An extreme right axis deviation may indicate bundle branch block, ventricular hypertrophy, or pulmonary embolism; although the axis may also deviate to the right in very tall or obese patients. There is only one axis, so answer D (axes, the plural of axis) would not be correct.
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A cachectic patient is
A well nourished. B extremely underweight. C overweight. D jaundiced. |
B extremely underweight.
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Cachexia (pronounced ka-kex-ia) refers to a general weight loss and wasting associated with chronic disease or emotional disturbance. This is a common finding in end-stage cancer patients.
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Which of the following is an oral contraceptive?
A Ortho Evra B Premarin C Depo-Provera D Ortho Tri-Cyclen |
D Ortho Tri-Cyclen
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Ortho Tri-Cyclen is the correct answer. Depo-Provera and Ortho Evra are also contraceptives, but they are not administered orally. Premarin is used for hormone replacement postmenopause or to treat dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
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Which of the following would not be prescribed for chronic back pain?
A TENS B Bactrim C physical therapy D ESI |
B Bactrim
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Bactrim is an antibiotic, which would not be used to treat chronic back pain. TENS is an acronym for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. ESI is the abbreviation for epidural steroid injection.
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