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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the #1 emergency drug?
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oxygen
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What are some indications that you should give your pt oxygen?
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acute chest pain that may be due to cardiac ischemia
suspected hypoxia cardiopulmonary arrest |
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How much O2 should you administer in and emergency situation and when should you adjust it?
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give 100% via bag/mask
can drop once they get to 100% sats. no sooner |
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When would you withhold giving your pt. oxygen during an emergency situation?
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never
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What medications can you give to your pt. via the ET tube?
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epinephrine
atropine lidocaine |
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What is the most important effect of epi when it comes to a pt. with cardiac arrest?
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ALPHA effect:
causes vasoconstriction which results in increased systemic vascular resistance and incr. BP |
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What are the effects of epinephrine?
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ALPHA effect:
Incr. BP incr. systemic vascular resistance vasoconstriction BETA effect: allows more air to go in and out incr. cardiac output relaxes smooth muscles in the skeletal muscle and the bronchi |
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What are some indications for the use of epinephrine?
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Cardiac arrest: VF, pulseless VT and PEA
symptomatic bradycardia if other therapies are ineffective used for severe hypertension |
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What medication, when added to epi, will decrease the effects of the epi?
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bicarb
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Once you have given your pt. epi, what should you be monitoring them for?
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hypertension and tachyarrhythmias
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What could happen if you administer epi to your pt. with myocardial ischemia?
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it could either precipitate or exacerbate the problem
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What does atropine do?
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speeds up the heart rate
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What conditions is atropine used for?
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symptomatic bradycardia
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What are the symptoms of bradycardia?
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decr. HR, decr. PB, decr. urinary output, decr. LOC
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What could happen if you give your myocardia ischemia pt. atropine?
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it speeds up the HR and could be detrimental to your pt.
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What does lidocaine do?
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suppresses ventricular arrhythmias by decr. automaticity
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How might lidocaine reduce the instances of sudden cardiac death?
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by decreasing myocardial irritablility
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What are some indicators that your pt. has lidocaine toxicity?
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drowsiness, disorientation, decr. parenthesis and muscle twitching
Most serious sign? Grand Mal seizures |
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How does Amiodarone work?
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works by prolonging the potential and refractory periods
inhibits adrenergic stimulation, slows the sinus rate, inc. PR and QT intervals and decr. peripheral vasc. resistance |
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When is amiodarone used?
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for the management of life threatening ventricular arrhythmias
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How is amiodarone given?
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always given on a pump
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What should you be monitoring in your pt who was administered amiodarone?
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BP, HR, signs of ARDS (rales, dyspnea, tachypnea)
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When should you be cautious about using amiodarone?
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when your pt. has CHF, thyroid disease, severe pulmonary disease or severe liver disease
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What is probably the #1 vasoactive drug?
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dopamine
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What does a low dose of dopamine produce?
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a vasodilating effect on the renal, mesenteric and cerebral arteries. Urinary output incr. but HR and BP stay the same
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What do you produce with a middle dose of dopamine?
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produces beta effects which increases cardiac output due to enhanced myocardial contractility
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What do high doses of dopamine produce?
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alpha effects which cause vasoconstriction
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How do you determine the dosage of dopamine that your pt. is to be given?
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always used at the lowest dose possible
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How must dopamine be given?
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as an infusion on a pump
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What shouldn't you give along with dopamine?
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bicarb, it will reduce the effects of the dopamine
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What could happen if dopamine infiltrates the IV?
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tissue necrosis
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Is it better to have a pt. who is a bit acidotic or alkalotic?
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ACIDOTIC
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When is sodium bicarb used?
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during a cardiopulmonary arrest
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When should bicarb NOT be given?
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for respiratory acidosis
this pt. should be intubated and ventilated with 100%O2 |
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Can bicarb be used down the ET tube?
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NO
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When do we use diltiazem?
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for PSVT associated with Afib or flutter
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When would we administer magnesium?
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used for refractory Vfib (magnesium problem)
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When would we use Norepinephrine?
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it a vasopressor
last ditch effort drug to save BP and incr. systemic ventricular resistance |
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What can morphine do for your pt with pulmonary edema?
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decr. RR
decr. preload (heart doesn't have to work as hard) decr. anxiety and HR |