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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is the #1 emergency drug?
oxygen
What are some indications that you should give your pt oxygen?
acute chest pain that may be due to cardiac ischemia
suspected hypoxia
cardiopulmonary arrest
How much O2 should you administer in and emergency situation and when should you adjust it?
give 100% via bag/mask
can drop once they get to 100% sats. no sooner
When would you withhold giving your pt. oxygen during an emergency situation?
never
What medications can you give to your pt. via the ET tube?
epinephrine
atropine
lidocaine
What is the most important effect of epi when it comes to a pt. with cardiac arrest?
ALPHA effect:
causes vasoconstriction which results in increased systemic vascular resistance and incr. BP
What are the effects of epinephrine?
ALPHA effect:
Incr. BP
incr. systemic vascular resistance
vasoconstriction
BETA effect:
allows more air to go in and out
incr. cardiac output
relaxes smooth muscles in the skeletal muscle and the bronchi
What are some indications for the use of epinephrine?
Cardiac arrest: VF, pulseless VT and PEA
symptomatic bradycardia if other therapies are ineffective
used for severe hypertension
What medication, when added to epi, will decrease the effects of the epi?
bicarb
Once you have given your pt. epi, what should you be monitoring them for?
hypertension and tachyarrhythmias
What could happen if you administer epi to your pt. with myocardial ischemia?
it could either precipitate or exacerbate the problem
What does atropine do?
speeds up the heart rate
What conditions is atropine used for?
symptomatic bradycardia
What are the symptoms of bradycardia?
decr. HR, decr. PB, decr. urinary output, decr. LOC
What could happen if you give your myocardia ischemia pt. atropine?
it speeds up the HR and could be detrimental to your pt.
What does lidocaine do?
suppresses ventricular arrhythmias by decr. automaticity
How might lidocaine reduce the instances of sudden cardiac death?
by decreasing myocardial irritablility
What are some indicators that your pt. has lidocaine toxicity?
drowsiness, disorientation, decr. parenthesis and muscle twitching
Most serious sign? Grand Mal seizures
How does Amiodarone work?
works by prolonging the potential and refractory periods

inhibits adrenergic stimulation, slows the sinus rate, inc. PR and QT intervals and decr. peripheral vasc. resistance
When is amiodarone used?
for the management of life threatening ventricular arrhythmias
How is amiodarone given?
always given on a pump
What should you be monitoring in your pt who was administered amiodarone?
BP, HR, signs of ARDS (rales, dyspnea, tachypnea)
When should you be cautious about using amiodarone?
when your pt. has CHF, thyroid disease, severe pulmonary disease or severe liver disease
What is probably the #1 vasoactive drug?
dopamine
What does a low dose of dopamine produce?
a vasodilating effect on the renal, mesenteric and cerebral arteries. Urinary output incr. but HR and BP stay the same
What do you produce with a middle dose of dopamine?
produces beta effects which increases cardiac output due to enhanced myocardial contractility
What do high doses of dopamine produce?
alpha effects which cause vasoconstriction
How do you determine the dosage of dopamine that your pt. is to be given?
always used at the lowest dose possible
How must dopamine be given?
as an infusion on a pump
What shouldn't you give along with dopamine?
bicarb, it will reduce the effects of the dopamine
What could happen if dopamine infiltrates the IV?
tissue necrosis
Is it better to have a pt. who is a bit acidotic or alkalotic?
ACIDOTIC
When is sodium bicarb used?
during a cardiopulmonary arrest
When should bicarb NOT be given?
for respiratory acidosis

this pt. should be intubated and ventilated with 100%O2
Can bicarb be used down the ET tube?
NO
When do we use diltiazem?
for PSVT associated with Afib or flutter
When would we administer magnesium?
used for refractory Vfib (magnesium problem)
When would we use Norepinephrine?
it a vasopressor
last ditch effort drug to save BP and incr. systemic ventricular resistance
What can morphine do for your pt with pulmonary edema?
decr. RR
decr. preload (heart doesn't have to work as hard)
decr. anxiety and HR