Cmcb Cell Polarity 1

Front 1

Pemphis

Back 1

Autoimmune blistering disease
-antibodies against desmogleins

Front 2

Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex

Back 2

-autosomal dominant disease
-keratin genes are mutated

-gentle stress can cause sloughing and bruising of skin

Front 3

Which connexon diseases cause neurosensory diseases

Back 3

Cx26, Cx31

Front 4

Which Connexon diseases cause heart malformations and cataracts?

Back 4

43,46,50

Front 5

which connexon diseases cause Charcot Marie Tooth Disease (progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves)?

Back 5

32

Front 6

Explain the polarity of a pancreatic acinar cell.

Back 6

Near the apical side: secretory vesicles containing zymogen

Golgi apparus between apical side and nucleus

Nucleus in the center

Near the basal side: Mitochondria, RER

Front 7

What is the function of Microvilli?
What is their core made of?
Where are they found?

Back 7

-increase surface area.
-made of actin
-found on the apical surface

Front 8

What are sterocilia?

Back 8

Long microvilli
Found in sensory hair cells in the ear, epididymus epithelium

Front 9

What are cilia? What is their function?
What are they made of and what do they require?

Back 9

Cilia found on apical surface.
Have a core of 9 outer microtubule pair and one inner pair. Collectively called axonemes.
Require ATP.
They provide means for active movement.--Actively motile.

Front 10

What are 3 examples of adhesive junctions?

Back 10

Tight, Adherens, Desmosomes

Front 11

What is one example of communicating junction?

Back 11

gap junction

Front 12

What are zonulae junctions? What are some examples?

Back 12

They are band like and completely encircle the cell. Examples are tight junctions and adherens junction.

Front 13

What are Macula junctions and what are some examples?

Back 13

They are disk-like and attach two cells at a single spot. Examples are desmosomes.

Front 14

Which junctional complexes work on only on lateral adhesions?

Back 14

Tight, Adherens, Desmosome

Front 15

What is the purpose of junctional complexes along lateral membranes that are close to the apical surface? What are two examples?

Back 15

They serve to establish separate membrane compartments. Tight junctions and Adherens Junctions.

Front 16

What is the purpose of the tight junction and how is this related to its location?

Back 16

It is found on the most apical region along the lateral membrane. It encircles the cell and seals off intercellular membrane. Acts as a barrier, preventing small molecules moving from one sheet to another.

Front 17

What do tight junctions form to hold themselves together?

Back 17

They create sealing strands. The more sealing strands, the tighter the junction.

Front 18

Explain the protein complex of tight junction.

What are these proteins composed of?

Back 18

The two integral membrane proteins are occludins and claudins. Claudins are the main proteins.

Each protein is composed of 4 alpha helical domains.

Front 19

What are Adherens Junctions? Where are they found?

What is the cellular component of the Adherens junction?

Back 19

They are found under tight junctions. They bind cells together though cadherins.

Cytoplasmic Plaques have anchor proteins (catenins, vinculin, actinic, plakoglobin) that link cadherins to actin filaments in the cell.

Front 20

what are the two integral membrane proteins of tight junctions? what do they contain?

Back 20

occludin and claudins
each contain four membrane-spanning alpha helical domains
*claudins are leading players in tight junction formation

Front 21

desmosome is what kind of function? zolunael or macula?

what is its function?

Back 21

The desmosome, or macula adherens, is a disk or spotlike structure at the surface of one cell that is matched with an identical structure at the surface of the adjacent cell.

They are adhesive junctions that provide strong physical adhesion through links to intermediate filaments; provide strong, stable attachments between cells without affecting permeability and has a distinctive structure.

Front 22

what are the desmosome transmembrane linker proteins?

what are the proteins of the cytoplasmic plaque that are in association with the intermediate filament network?

Back 22

The desmosome transmembrane linker proteins include cadherin family members desmoglein and desmocollin. They associate within the central density of the intercellular space between adjacent cells.

Through binding to proteins of the cytoplasmic plaque (including desmoplakin and plakoglobin) association with the intermediate filament network is stabilized.

Front 23

Particles that aggregate to form GAP JUNCTIONS are what kind of structures? what are they called? what kind of pore?

What do they allow to go through?

Back 23

The particles that aggregate to form the gap junctions are hexameric structures called connexons.

Each connexon contains a 1.5 nm hydrophilic pore.

Connexons are composed of six subunits of connexin transmembrane proteins.

Allow small water soluble things to go through.

Front 24

The basal lamina (basement membrane_ is present WHERE on the epithelium and synthesized by WHAT?

Back 24

The basal lamina is an assembled sheetlike extracellular matrix structure of characteristic organization, present at the BASAL SURFACE of the epithelium and synthesized by the EPITHELIUM

Front 25

What is the adhesion belt?

Back 25

It is made by adherens junction. can be used to create new structures like a neural tube.

Front 26

What are Keratin Intermediate filaments? What do they do?

Back 26

They bind to desmosoes and hemidesmosomes creating a stable, structural network within the cell.

Allow epithelial sheet to distribute mechanical stress and maintain functional integrity.