Cls 444 Micro Lab Unit 5 Objectives

Front 1

WHAT ORDER OF 5
Cell ruptures, releasing infecttious elementary bodies.

Back 1

5

Front 2

WHAT ORDER OF 5
Elementary body attaches to surface of susceptibile cell.

Back 2

1

Front 3

WHAT ORDER OF 5
Elementary body reorganizes as reticulate body

Back 3

3

Front 4

WHAT ORDER OF 5
Elementary body enclosed in host through endocytosis

Back 4

2

Front 5

WHAT ORDER OF 5
Infectious elementary bodies formed. Appear as intracellilar inclusions which can be stained.

Back 5

4

Front 6

State the clinical significance of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma

Back 6

Disease spread primarily by the veneral route.
lymphogranuloma venereum, trachoma, urethritis, pneumonitis,

Front 7

State the expected results for each of the following for Ehrlichosis
organism:

Back 7

Ehrliciosis

Front 8

State the expected results for each of the following for Ehrlichosis
vector

Back 8

tick

Front 9

State the expected results for each of the following for epidemic typhis:
organism:

Back 9

Rickettsia prowazekii

Front 10

State the expected results for each of the following for epidemic typhis:
vector

Back 10

lice

Front 11

State the expected results for each of the following for murine typhus:
organism:

Back 11

Rickettsia typhi

Front 12

State the expected results for each of the following for murine typhus:
vector

Back 12

flea

Front 13

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma hominis
glucose

Back 13

=

Front 14

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma hominis
arginine

Back 14

+

Front 15

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma hominis
urease

Back 15

=

Front 16

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma pneumoniae:
glucose

Back 16

+

Front 17

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma pneumoniae:
arginine

Back 17

=

Front 18

State the expected results for each of the following for Mycoplasma pneumoniae:
urease

Back 18

=

Front 19

State the expected results for each of the following for Q fever:
organism:

Back 19

Coxiella burnetii

Front 20

State the expected results for each of the following for Q fever:
vector

Back 20

tick

Front 21

State the expected results for each of the following for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever:
organism:

Back 21

Rickettsia rickettsii

Front 22

State the expected results for each of the following for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever:
vector

Back 22

tick

Front 23

State the expected results for each of the following for Scrub typhus
organism:

Back 23

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

Front 24

State the expected results for each of the following for Scrub typhus
vector

Back 24

chigger

Front 25

State the expected results for each of the following for Trench Fever
organism

Back 25

Rickettsia quintana

Front 26

State the expected results for each of the following for Trench Fever
vector

Back 26

lice

Front 27

State the expected results for each of the following for Ureaplasma urealyticum
glucose

Back 27

=

Front 28

State the expected results for each of the following for Ureaplasma urealyticum
arginine

Back 28

=

Front 29

State the expected results for each of the following for Ureaplasma urealyticum
urease

Back 29

+

Front 30

Interpret the major differentiation of Mycoplasma from the typical bacteria

Back 30

No Cell Wall

Front 31

Discuss the major important characteristics of Chlamydia sp.

Back 31

Obligate intracellular organism, gram negative like cell wall

Front 32

State the media which the specimen collected for cell culture identification of Chlamydia is inoculated.

Back 32

Special swabs for scraping.
Cell culture Media (McCoys)

Front 33

State the Mycoplasma organisms genus and species typically associated with genital infections

Back 33

Mycoplasma hominus
Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma urealyticum

Front 34

State the procedure performed next after a specimen is collected for cytilogical identification of Chlamydia,

Back 34

Stain with iodine or Giemsa and examine for chlamydial

Front 35

State the serotype most associated with Chlamydia diseases aquired through the verneral route

Back 35

D - K

Front 36

Interpret the specimen to collect from a patient for cell culture identification of Chlamydia

Back 36

Scraping is preferred. special swabs are available

Front 37

State what the a direct Flourescent Antibody technique for Chlamydia trachomatis detects:

Back 37

DFA Detects the Chlamydial antigen ( outer membrane protein or lipopolysaccharides)

Front 38

Definitions:...
bacteremia

Back 38

Presence of bacteria (viable) in the blood

Front 39

Definitions:...
septicemia

Back 39

Systemic disease associated with the presence of pathogenic organisms and toxins in the blood.

Front 40

Definitions:...
Cellulitis

Back 40

Infection of the skin or connective tissue characterized by local heat redness pain and swelling,

Front 41

Definitions:...
effusion

Back 41

Escape of fluid from the blood vessels or lymphatics (usually into a body cavity).

Front 42

Definitions:...
transudate

Back 42

Type of effusion that contains few cells, has a high specific gravity and low protein.

Front 43

Definitions:...
exudate

Back 43

Type of effusion that contains many cells has a high specific gravity and a hjgh protein.

Front 44

Definitions:...
thoracentesis

Back 44

aspiration of plural fluid for diagnostic purposes

Front 45

Definitions:...
paracentesis

Back 45

Removal of ascitic or paritoneal fluid from the abdominal cavity.

Front 46

Definitions:...
arthrocentesis

Back 46

Puncture and aspiration of a joint(example; synovial fluid)

Front 47

Definitions:...
meningitis

Back 47

Infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain or spinal cord.

Front 48

Definitions:...
encephalitis

Back 48

Inflammation of the brain, usually resulting from a viral infection

Front 49

Definitions:...
CFU

Back 49

Colony forming units

Front 50

State the anticoagulant used for collection of blood to be inoculated into blood culture bottles

Back 50

SPS

Front 51

Discuss beneficial actions of the anticoagulant used for the collection of blood to be inoculated into blood culture bottles

Back 51

SPS kills the nutrophils.and inactivate antobiotics, inhibit complement, and inhibit certain other components of the coagulation system.

Front 52

State the typical dilution of blood to the media in blood culture bottles

Back 52

1:10

Front 53

Analyze and determine the next step a CLS would perform after :
a positive blood culture:

Back 53

1. Gram Stain
2. Call Physician.
3. set up primary media (deprnds on gram stain).
4. Set up any rapid test.
5. Set up direct susceptibility.

Front 54

State thr two major factors that increase the detection of bacteria in blood culture.

Back 54

Blood volume and gram stain.

Front 55

Discuss the gram stain of organisms most frequently isolated from blood cultures.

Back 55

Gram positive cocci.
Staph coagulase positive, Staph coagulase negative (probably the number one orgamism, Strep pneumoniae, and enterococcus.

Front 56

State the number of days the typical blood culture is held before reporting no growth.

Back 56

6 days

Front 57

state the most important aspects of blood cultue collection for the following:
Number and timing of specimens.

Back 57

In bacterial endocarditis 3 or 4 sets from 3 different sites may be taken, 1 to 2 hours after the patient is first suspected of having a clinical condition.
In subacute bacterial endocarditis three sets may be taken every hour for 24 hours.

Front 58

state the most important aspects of blood cultue collection for the following:
Number and timing of specimens.

Back 58

with unknown conditions 3 sets taken over a period of 48 hours may be taken.

Front 59

state the most important aspects of blood cultue collection for the following:
Volume of blood to collect for each bottle

Back 59

A ratio of 1:10.
In adults this may be 20 mL per blood collection time ( 5-10 mL per bottles)
or 1 mL for a baby.

Front 60

state the most important aspects of blood cultue collection for the following:
When to use anti-coagulant.

Back 60

If blood cannot be placed into a blood culture bottle immediately it may be placed into a bottle with anticoagulant in it.

Front 61

State the most important aspects of blood cultue collection for the following:
Skin preparation precautions.

Back 61

When collecting blood for blood culture it is important to avoid normal skin flora.
Skin must be prepped with alcohol followed by an iodine swab concentric pattern and left on skin for at least 1 minute

Front 62

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
Burn infections.

Back 62

Burns:
Streptococcus, Staph epidermidis, Staph aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Enterobacteriaceae.

Front 63

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
Human bite infections.

Back 63

Strep viridans, Staph aureus, Beta Strep Group A, Eikenella corrodens, anaerobic GPC, Prevotella, Prophyromonas, and Fusobacterium.

Front 64

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
lower respiratory infections.

Back 64

Strep pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staph aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophillia,

Front 65

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
meningitis

Back 65

Hemophilus influenzae, Strep pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Beta Strep Group B, E. coli, Listeria Monocytogenes, Staph aureus, and Mycobacterium

Front 66

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
Urinary tract infections

Back 66

E. coli (most common), Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., Staph aureus, Staph saprophyticus, Enterococcus fecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Front 67

Compare and contrast the organisms typically associated with:
eye infections

Back 67

Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Front 68

State three organisms that account for most cases of acute otitis media in infants and children,

Back 68

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis.

Front 69

State the organism responsible for the most common cause of septic arthritis.

Back 69

Staph aureus.

Front 70

List three organisms that are typically screened for on specimens for routine stool cultures

Back 70

Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter,

Front 71

Discuss the organisms typically assoiciated with impetigo.

Back 71

Beta Strep Group A, and Staph aureus.

Front 72

State the organisms specifically identified when a throat culture is requested.

Back 72

Beta Strep Group A and Hemophilus influenzae (children).

Front 73

List two major sexually transmitted diseases and site of typical infection.

Back 73

1. Gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea.
2.Cervictitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Front 74

Determine the recommended specimen of choice for bacterial culture of urine.

Back 74

Clean catch midstream sample.

Front 75

State three ways urinary tract infections (UTI) may occur.

Back 75

1. Acending kidney infection ( reaches kidney from bladder through the ureters).
2. Descending kidney infection (from organisms in the blood).
3. Devices (catheters).

Front 76

State the ratio of anaerobes to aerobes in the intestine.

Back 76

Anaerobes outnumber aerobes by a factor of 10 to the 2nd to 10 to the 3rd.

Front 77

Explain the typical purpose of a gram stain on a stool specimen.

Back 77

Mainly used to look for white blood cells (indicator of infection of the intestinal mucosa).

Front 78

Discuss the typical routes of gastrointestinal tract infection for the following:

Back 78

1. ingestion of contaminated food and water.
2. fecal oral route.
3. person to person.
4. animal to person transmission.

Front 79

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
Cervictitis:

Back 79

Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Herpes simplex, Trichomanas vaginalis.

Front 80

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
urethritis:

Back 80

Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae,

Front 81

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
lymphogranuloma venereum

Back 81

Chlamydia trachomatis

Front 82

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
nongonococcal urethritis:

Back 82

Chlamydia trachomatis

Front 83

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
viral

Back 83

Herpes simplex

Front 84

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
bacterial vaginosis

Back 84

anaerobes, Garderella vaginalis.

Front 85

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
syphillis

Back 85

Treponemia pallidum

Front 86

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
soft chancre

Back 86

Hemophilus ducreyi

Front 87

List the major sexually transmitted diseases and the etiologic agents for the following:
genital wart

Back 87

papillomavirus

Front 88

State four specimen collection and processing guidelines

Back 88

1. log the specimen in.
2. evaluate the specimen collection method to verify it is appropriate.
3. preform micrscopic methods.
4. inocculate apporpriate media.

Front 89

Interpret the results of the gram stain from a routine sputum specimen to determine if the specimen is acceptable for culture analysis for the following:

Back 89

1. Number of WBCs versus number of epithelial cells.
2. number of predominating organisms.
3. quantity of organisms seen for each gram stain type.