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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Distinguish between active versus passive transport |
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to be expanded by the cell. requires energy. Passive transport is diffusion across a membrane requiring only random motion of molecules with no energy expanded by the cell. requires no energy. |
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Describe the direction water or solutes will travel in hypertonic,hypotonic, and isotonic solution |
Hypertonic: the solution shrinks because the water goes out of the cell Hypotonic: water will enter the cell isotonic: doesnt allow or let water leave
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Distinguish between endocytosis and exocytosis |
endocytosis is a process where a cell fully engulfs materials from the outside and fuses them to its plasma membrane exocytosis is moving the cytoplasm to the outside of the cell |
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how the maintenance of a relatively stable internal is required for survival |
its required because internally everything needs to work together in order to survive |
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describe cell specialization in multicelluar organisms |
it helps better the organism by making new cell tissue |
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list the levels of organization in eukaryotes beginning with organelles and ending with no organisms |
nucleus ribosomes ER Golgi |
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where is energy is located and why is it needed by cells |
the energy is located in the atp and is used to give energy to cells to work properly |
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reduced equation for photosynthesis |
6CO2 + 12H2O + energy |
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products of light dependent vs the light independent reactions |
light dependent: Oxygen, ATP, and NADPH light independent: is the same it just doesnt require light |
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describe the organelle where photosynthesis takes place |
it takes place in the chloroplasts |
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what factors affect photosynthesis |
Co2, pH levels, light intensity, and temperature |
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equation for cellular respiration. what are the 3 parts? what happens at each part? |
C6H12O6+6O2=6CO2+6H20. the three parts are Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain. Oxygen And Glucose are broken down to produce ATP |
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compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration |
photosynthesis only occurs in plants, cellular respiration occurs in all living things. they both form energy |
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describe how cell break down macromolecules to provide enregy for metabolism |
it breaks it down with the membrane to only allow the essential parts through |
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describe the organelle that cellular respiration occurs |
in the mitochandria |
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list the number of ATP's created in cellular respiration compared to fermenation |
only 2 in ferementation and 36 in cellular repiration |
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compare alcoholic vs lactic acid fermentation |
glucose is oxidized to two molecules of pyruvic acid |
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you count how any can fit across and divide by how many there are |
then youll get the microns |
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3 parts of cell theory |
cells are the smallest units of life all living organisms are made up of cells all cells come from existing cells |
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describe the roles of leeuwenhoek hooke schliedin schwann and virchow had with regards to the microscope and the cell |
leeuwenhoek: discovered baterial cell, protozoa, yeast algae,chloroplast and much more hooke: invented reflecting microscope schleidin:cell theory |
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difference between the 2 types of electron microscopes |
SEM: doesnt use concrentrated beam TEM:uses the beam
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distuinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
prokaryotes: doesnt contain a nucleus
eukaryotes:contain membrane bound oranelles |
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describe the structure and function of the cell parts |
Nucleus: most important part of the cell tells the cell what to do Mitochondria: is the powerhouse of the cell it roams freely Ectoskeletons: bone like structure outside the nucleus |
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compare and contrast plant and animal cells |
plant has chloroplasts and cell wall animal only has cell membrane |
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explain the structures found in prokaryotic cells |
ribosomes,capsule,cytoplasm,plasmid,pili,nucleoid |
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note sheet |
water accounts for 70% of the weight of the cell |
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explain cholesterols role in the plasma membrane |
can prevent substances from exiting and entering |
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identify different structers of an atom |
electrons protons and neutrons |
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explain isotopes and their biological uses |
they are the same atomic number and identical protons |
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explain how to interpret the Ph scale using household items |
0-14 7 is neutral less than & acidic more than 7 is basic battery acid lemon juice apples |
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explain waters unique properties |
can dissolve other substances high dielectric constant |
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List the 6 main elements found in all living things |
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous |
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Describe the surface area to volume ratio as it relates to cell growth |
the greater surface area the more raw material |
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difference between sexual and asexual reproduction |
sexual is when an egg and sperm meet and asexual is when one organisms reproduces by itself |
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list cell cycle phases |
prophase metaphase anaphase telophase |
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how embryonic cells are different |
they can grow to be any part of the body |
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benifit of stem cells |
they can heal damaged body parts
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compare end result of mitosis to meiosis |
mitosis has more sperm to egg ratio |
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write |
crossing over occurs in prophase 1 |
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describe the role |
mitosis repairs tissue and organs the other repairs bones |