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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sample types to submit for overdosed patient
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1. Blood: whole or serum;quantitative
2. Urine: broad spectrum screen; qualitative 3. Gastric fluid: direct search, identify parent drug 4. anything found with patient and clinical hx |
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drug screen:
Immunoassay |
sensitive
specific quick,cheap,automated |
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drug screen:
thin layer chromatography |
broad spectrum
not sensitive slow, unautomated need expertise |
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drug screen:
negative report |
need to search for other cause
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general treatment of overdose
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comatose: ABCDrugs
supportive: lavage,fluids.charcoal,pressor.cardiac monitor antidote rare:hemodialysis if Vd decreased(central compartment) |
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zer order:
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constant AMOUNT eliminated in time
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first order
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Constant PERCENT
most drugs \half life |
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steady state
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repeated dosing
reached at 4 half lives(94%) first order only |
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factors that change pharmacokinetics
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renal fxn
liver fxn saturation: no more half life;excretion becomes zero order/2dary routes form oxic metabolites |
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cfh
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dfh
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ethanol
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-thought processes affected first
-disulfiram blocks ALDH causing buidup of acetaldehyde causing unpleasant effects -zer order -.01to.02% w/v/hr;induced to .03% -ALDH incytosol -microsomal(inducible) -ethanoltoADH to acetaldehyde to ALDH to acetate |
