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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
imbalance:
hyponatremia
NA<135
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:
fatigue, ab cramps, diarrhea, weakness, hypotension, cool clammy skin
imbalance:
hyponatremia
NA<135
causes:
causes: excess sweating, excess intake of water, diuretics, adrenal insufficiency, renal failure
imbalance:
hypernatremia
NA > 145 sodium
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:
thirst; dry, sticky mucous membranes; dry tongue and skin; flushed skin; increased temp
imbalance:
hypernatremia
NA > 145
causes:
Causes:
diarrhea, decreased water intake, salt water ingestion, impaired renal function, febrile illness, inability to swallow, burns, diabetes insipidus
imbalance:
hypokalemia
K <3.5 potassium
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:
weakness, fatigue, anorexia, ab distention, cardiac arrhythmias
imbalance:
hypokalemia
K <3.5
causes:
causes:
diarrhea, vomiting, diuretics, burns, heat stress, ulcerative colitis, potassium-free IV fluids, metabolic acidosis, steroids
imbalance:
hyperkalemia
K > 5.0
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:
cardiac arrhythmia, anxiety, increased bowel bowel sounds, ab cramps
imbalance:
hyperkalemia
K > 5.0
causes:
causes: acute/ chronic renal failure, burns, crush injuries, metabolic acidosis, potassium-sparing diuretics
imbalance:
hypocalcemia
Ca <4.5
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:
ab cramps, tingling, muscle spasm, convulsions
imbalance:
hypocalcemia
Ca <4.5
causes:
causes:
parathyroid dysfunction, vit D def, pancreatitis
imbalance:
hypercalemia
Ca>5.6
clinical manifestations:
clinical manifestations:bone pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation
imbalance:
hypercalemia
Ca>5.6
causes:
causes:
parathyroid tumor, bone cancer/metastasis, osteoporosis