• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/72

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

72 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
the investing layer of deep cervical fascia wraps around...
2 muscles and 2 glands
1. sternocleidomastoid
2. trapezius
3. parotid
4. submandibular
buccinator
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin
- pterygomandibular raphe and the alveolar margins of the max and man
insertion
- some fibres blend into obicularis oris and some blend into the upper and lower lips
action
- aids in mastication by keeping the bolus b/t cheek and teeth. Also helps to forcible expel air or suck the cheeks in.
Nerve
- facial (buccal branch)
Masseter
origin, insertion, action, nerve
origin and insertion of superficial head
- inf border of the ant 2/3 of the zygomatic arch to the angle of madible and inf/lat parts of ramus
Origin and insertion of the deep head
- medial border of zygomatic arch to the superolateral mandibular ramus and the coronoid process
Action
- elevates the mandible
Nerve
- masseteric branch from the mandibular part of trigeminal n.
Lateral Pterygoid
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin and inserion of upper head
- greater wing of the sphenoid infratemporal crest to the articular disc and capsule of the TMJ
Origin and Insertion of the lower head
- lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate to the pterygoid fovea on the neck of the condyle of the mandible
Action
- depress and protrude the mandible as well as lateral excursion of the Man
Nerve
- lat pterygoid branches of the mandibular division of trigeminal which exits the foramen ovale lying medial to the lateral pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin of deep head
- medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Origin of the superficial head
- maxillary tuberosity and the pyramidal process of palatine
Insertion
- medial surface of Ramus and angle of Man (pterygoid tubercles)
Action
- elevation, protrusion and lateral excursion of the Man
Nerve
- medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of trigeminal n.
Superior Constrictor M.
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin and Insertion
- pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, retromandibular trigone of mandible, side of tongue to pharyngeal tubercle and pharyngeal raphe
Actions
- constrics the upper portion of the phaynx
Nerve
- pharyngeal plexus (motor portion of this plexus is formed by the pharyngeal brance of the vagus n and the cranial part of the accessory n.
Obicularis Oris
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin and Insertion
- ant midline of max and Man, modiolus to the skin along the mouth
Action
- closes mouth, protrusion and pursing of the lips
Nerve
- facial nerve (buccal and mandibular branches)
Mylohyoid
origin, insertion, action, nerve
Origin and insertion
- mylohyoid line of man to the body of Hyoid
Action
- elevates and retracts the hyoid
Nerve
- facial n.
what is refered to as the danger triangle and why
the areas of the canine fossasuperficial to the anterior wall of the maxilla b/c the facial vein drains these areas and possible backflow can allow drainage from that area including bacteria to enter the brain
What are the boundaries of the buccal space
space bounded medially by the buccinators and Laterally by the skin. Above it is bounded by the zygoatic arch and the masseter and inferiorly bounded by the mandible
In the maxilla, infection above the buccinator will usually go...
Into the buccal space
In the maxilla, infection below the buccinator will usually go...
into the vestibule
In the medial mandible, infection above mylohyoid will usually go...
into the vestibule
In the medial mandible, infection below mylohyoid will usually go...
into the mylohyoid space
what teeth are usually responsible for buccal space infections
Lower teeth
a draining sinus of an abcess is one that
drains into the vestibule
what is trismus and what is the most common cause
known as lockjaw, is the inability to normally open the mouth. Inflammation of soft tissue around impacted third molar is the most common cause of trismus
what are some clinical features of the Submassenteric space
tissue is tight here but can get infection from third molars causing much pain. The infection can infiltrate the substance of the muscle causing swelling. Antibiotic therapy is required in these circumstances
what is the pterygomandibular space
space containing the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein. filled with loose CT and is the site of injection for the inferior alveolar nerve block
what are the borders of the pterygomandibular space
post = lateral pharyngeal space and the parotid gland
Medial = med pterygoid m.
Lateral = vertical ramus of the mandible
Anterior = buccopharyngeal sheath composed of fascia, buccinators and sup constrictor m's
what is the pterygomandibular raphe and why is it important
tendinous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia, attached by one extremity to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate, and by the other to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible.
It is the origin of the buccinator and the insertion of the superior constrictors
Important landmark for inferior alveolar n. block
Where is the infratemporal fossa. What does it contain and what is it's clinical significance
below the eye and in front of the ear.
contains pterygoid plexus of veins.
If infection spreads here it can spread to the cavernous sinus. May present as swelling in the lower eyelid
what are the borders of the sublingual space
it is above mylohyoid m. and below the tongue
what structures are in the sublingual space
1. sublingual gland and duct
2. lingual nerve
3. lingual vein
4. deep lingual artery
what is Ludwigs angina
serious, potentially life-threatening infection of the tissues of the floor of the mouth, usually occurring in adults with concomitant dental infections
where will early and late infection of the Maxillary incisors present
early = penetrate thin labial alveolar process. Occasionally the floor of the nose
Late = labial vestibule, rarely skin of face or the floor of nose
where will early and late infection of the Maxillary canines present
Early = canine fossa, infraorbital region
Late = venous sinuses (cavernous orbital region)
where will early and late infection of the Maxillary premolars present
early = penetrate thin buccal alveolar process and occasionally the maxillary sinus
Late = buccal vestibule and maxillary sinus membrane
where will early and late infection of the Maxillary molars present
early = penetrate buccal bone, maxillary sinus floor. Occasionally penetrate the tuberosity and spread to parotidomasseteric space
Late = buccal vestibule, maxillary sinus membrane. Occasionally pterygomandibular space then the retropharyngeal space to chest
where will early and late infection of the Mandibular premolars present
Early = penetrate buccal alveolus and occasionally the lingual plate
Late = sublingual space, buccal vestibule
where will early and late infection of the Mandibular incisors present
Early = penetrate labial or lingual plate of alveolus
Late = sublingual space, labial vestibule, skin under chin
where will early and late infection of the Mandibular 1st and 2nd molars present
Early = penetrate either buccal alveolus or lingual plate
Late = buccal goes to vestibule then points to skin, lingual swelling in sublingual space
where will early and late infection of the Mandibular 3rd (sometimes 2nd) molar present
Early = penetrate lingual plate below mylohyoid muscle attachment
Late = submandibular space, masticator space, lateral pharyngeal space, retropharyngeal space
what are the main reasons for knowing about the tissue spaces and the directional spread of infection
to help to decide whether a patient needs referal to hospital for management of a dental infection
what lymph nodes drain the orofacial region
- submandibular
- submental
- Jugulodigastric
what lymph node do the canine to molars drain to
Submandibular and occasionally jugulodigastric
what lymph node do the mandibular incisors drain to
submental
what lymph node do the maxillary incisors drain to
submandibular
what lymph node does the labial and buccal gingiva (but not mandibular labial gingiva) drain to
submandibular
what lymph node does the mandibular labial gingiva drain to
submental
what lymph node does the lingual and palatal gingiva drain to
jugulodigastric
what lymph node does the posterior part of the soft palate drain to
pharyngeal
what is the ring of lymphoid tissue found in the throat and what are its components
Waldeyer's Tonsillar ring
made up of the lingual and palatine tonsils as well as the tubal tonsils and the adenoids
what kind of saliva flow is stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system
copious flow of saliva high in mucous and enzymes
what kind of saliva does the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system create
small amout of watery secretion with little or no organic content
What innervation provides the secretosensory stimulation of the parotid gland
parasympathetic cranial ganglia
what nerve supplies the lacrimal gland and the glands in the nose and sinuses
greater petrosal nerve "snot and tears nerve" The deep petrosal nerve comes of the carotid plexus and joins the greater petrosal nerve to become the nerve of the pterygoid canal
what nerve passes through the parotid gland and what are its branches
facial nerve
- temporal
- zygomatic
- buccal
- marginal mandibular
- cervical
Ten Zulus Beat My Cat
what type of cranial nerve is the facial n. and what structures does in innervate
efferent motor fibre nerve
innervates muscles of the face
where does the facial nerve leave the skull
stylomastoid foramen
what is the clinical importance of the investing layer of deep cervical fascia
If a mendibular block is inserted too far back the anaesthetic may be injected into the pocket surrounded by the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia which encapsulates the parotid gland. The anaesthetic pools in this region and acts on the facial nerve giving facial muscle paralysis
what passes through the optic canal
optic n., opthalmic a.
what passes through the superior orbital fissure
opthalmic branch of trigem, oculomotor n., trochlea n. abducens n, sup and inf opthalmic vein
what passes through the inferior orbital fissure
maxillary branch of trigem, infraorbital vessels
what passes through foramen rotundum
maxillary division of trigem
what passes through foramen ovale
mandibular division of trigem, accessory meningeal a.,lesser petrosal n.
what passes through foramen spinosum
middle meningeal vessels, meningeal branch of mandibular division of trigem
what passes through foramen lacerum
nothing
what passes through the carotid canal
int. carotid a., int carotid nerve plexus
what passes through the internal acoustic meatus
facial n., vestibulocochlear n., labrynthine a.
what passes through the jugular foramen
glossopharyngeal n., vagus n., spinal accessory n., inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses, posterior meningeal a.
what passes through the condylar canal
meningeal branches of acending pharyngeal a.
what passes through the hypoglossal canal
hypoglossal n.
what passes through foramen magnum
medulla oblongata, veterbral a., spinal accessory n.
what passes through incisive foramen
nasopalatine n and a.
what passes through greater palatine foramen
greater palatine n and vessels
what passes through the lesser palatine foramina
lesser palatine nerves and vessels
what is the pathway of the maxillary branch of trigem
foramen rotundum to pterygopalatine fossa to inferior orbital fissure then exiting orbit via zygomatico-orbital foramen and infraorbital canal
what is the pathway of the facial Nerve
internal acoustic meatus to stylomastoid foramen
where does chorda typani exit the skull from
petrotympanic fissure
what type of fibres are each of the 12 cranial nerves
1. olfactory = sensory
2. optic = sensory
3. oculomotor = motor & parasympathetic to ciliary and iris muscles
4. trochlear = motor
5. trigeminal= sensory and the mandibular branch is sensory and motor
6. abducens = motor
7. facial = motor, parasympathetic and sensory
8. vestibulochochlear = sensory
9. glossopharyngeal = motor, sensory and parasympathetic
10. vagus = motor, sensory and parasympathetic
11. accessory = motor
12. hypoglossal = motor
What are the branches of the V1 Nerve and where do they emerge from the skull
The v1 emerges from the superior orbital fissure and has 3 main brainches:
1. Lacrimal
2: Frontal -> supraorbital (l) & supratrochlear (m)
3: Nasocilliary