Clinical Chemistry

Front 1

Ultraviolet

Back 1

380nm

Front 2

Hazard level 4

Back 2

Extreme danger

Front 3

Function of Beta-globulin

Back 3

C-Reactive Protein

Front 4

Example of Beta-globulin

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Transferrin

Front 5

Gamma globulin

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Immunoglobulin

Front 6

Acromegaly

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Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in adults

Front 7

Hormone not stored /released by posterior pituitary gland

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Prolactin (Anterior Pituitary Gland)

Front 8

Anti-convulsant (treatment for petit mal seizures)

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Valproic Acid (Depakene)

Front 9

Class B fire

Back 9

Flammable liquids

Front 10

When OGTT is performed, individual should ingest _______ g/day of CHO for _____ consecutive days.

Back 10

150g/day CHO for 3 consecutive days prior to testing

Front 11

Lipid Fasting

Back 11

12 hrs

Front 12

Beta region

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C-Reactive Protein

Front 13

X axis

Back 13

Horizontal and independent variable

Front 14

Not a hardware

Back 14

Software

Front 15

BUN:Crea ratio

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10-20:1

Front 16

Major counter ion of Na

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Chloride

Front 17

Major counter balance of Na

Back 17

Potassium

Front 18

Respiratory Alkalosis

Back 18

Excessive loss of CO2

Front 19

Standing plasma (Refrigerator Test/Overnight Test) is a test for?

Back 19

Chylomicrons (and VLDL)

Front 20

High risk for cardiovascular accident is associated with high?

Back 20

HDL (Apo-A1)

Front 21

One step method of cholesterol determination

Back 21

Lieberman-Burchardt

Front 22

Lysis/destruction of RBC will result in release of?

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Hemoglobin

Front 23

Protein electropheresis is singly important for?

Back 23

Monoclonal Gammopathies

Front 24

Chain of Infection

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Host

Source

Mode of Transmission

Front 25

Chain of Infection

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Host

Source

Mode of Transmission

Front 26

Enzyme that has no isoenzyme.

Back 26

ALT/AST

Front 27

Cushing Syndrome

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Hypersecretion of Adrenal Cortex Hormone

Front 28

Mg/dl glucose

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Mmol/L

Front 29

Difference between measured total protein and measured albumin.

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Globulin

Front 30

Reaction rate is directly proportional to substrate concentration.

Back 30

First Order Kinetics

Front 31

Effects of Growth Hormone in glucose.

Back 31

Decrease (hypoglycemia)

Front 32

Diagnostic Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus.

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RBS: >200mg/dl

FBS: >126mg/dl

2-hr post glucose load: >200mg/dl

Front 33

Blood collection used for neonatal screening.

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Capillary Blood

Front 34

Spurious increase in Potassium.

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Hemolysis and failure to separate immediately

Front 35

CSF oligoclonal banding is done to ______.

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Assess prgression of neurosyphilis

Front 36

Critical values are also called ______.

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Panic Values

Front 37

Monitoring turn around time is part of _____.

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Quality Assessment

Front 38

Measures pH.

Back 38

Amperometry (ApO2)

Front 39

When is basal state collection performed?

Back 39

Morning (early morning before rising)

Front 40

Light below 350nm is?

Back 40

Ultraviolet Light

(<400 UV // >700 infrared)

Front 41

Determines amount of light blocked by a particle.

Back 41

Turbidimetry

Front 42

Agarose gel, polyacrylamide and cellulose acetate is associated with?

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Electrophoresis

Front 43

Patients investigated for rape cases should be tested with?

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ACP

Front 44

Biuret Test

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Measures total protein (peptide bonds)

Front 45

Age that is high risk for coronary heart disease.

Back 45

Female: 55 yrs. old

Male: 45 yrs. old

Front 46

Age that is high risk for coronary heart disease.

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Female: 55 yrs. old

Male: 45 yrs. old

Front 47

Beer's law plot is a representation of _____.

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Absorbance

Front 48

BUN to Urea conversion factor.

Back 48

2.14

Front 49

Urea to BUN conversion factor.

Back 49

0.357

Front 50

Most prevalent NPN

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Urea

Front 51

Salivary glands.

Back 51

Amylase

Front 52

Most potent estrogen.

Back 52

Estradiol

Front 53

HbA1c

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Monitoring of long term glucose control

Front 54

Bilirubin conversion factor.

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17.1

Front 55

Glucose conversion factor

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0.0555

Front 56

Colorimetric

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End point

Front 57

Meaning of "A" in RACE.

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Alarm

Front 58

Random blood sugar.

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Monitoring insulin shock

Front 59

Nelson-Somogyi

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Arsenomolybdate

Front 60

Total protein conversion factor.

Back 60

10

Front 61

Chloride conversion factor.

Back 61

1

Front 62

Patients who are smoking will have

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High hematocrit and hemoglobin

Front 63

Appropriate sample for ammonia determination.

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Arterial Blood

Front 64

Approaches to automation.

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Continuous Flow, Discrete, and Centrifugal Analysis

Front 65

Creatinine method that measures ammonia.

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Enzymatic; ISE

Front 66

Anion Gap

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Na - (Cl + HCO3)

Front 67

Percentage of thyroid bound to TBG

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70-75%

Front 68

Cretinism

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Hyposecretion of Thyroxine

Front 69

Testosterone

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Testes

Front 70

Hypothyroidism

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Increase in cholesterol and triglycerides

Front 71

Metabolite of cocaine

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Benzoylecgonine

Front 72

Obese

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BMI: >30kg/mm2

Front 73

Ratio of random error and systematic error.

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3:3

Front 74

Blood pressure cuff is used as tourniquet.

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Inflated to 60mmHg

Front 75

Fure Extinguisher B

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Dry chemical/Carbon

Front 76

Ethanol level 0.27-0.40

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Impaired consciousness

Front 77

HDL level protective against heart disease.

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>60mg/dl

Front 78

Source of estradiol

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Ovaries

Front 79

Ohm's Law definition

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The magnitude of voltage pulses produced by cells indirectly related to their size.

Ohm's Law: Voltage= Current × Resistance

Front 80

Type 3 Fire

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Electrical

Front 81

Coefficient of Variation of Triglycerides

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5

Front 82

Alcohol intoxication of 0.35 to 0.50.

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Coma and Possible Death

Front 83

Checks previous result of patient

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Delta Check

Front 84

Tissue source of ACTH

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Anterior Pituitary

Front 85

Prolonged tourniquet application

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Increased K, Fe, TPAG, total cholesterol

Front 86

Hypothyroidism

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Decrease T3, T3 uptake

Front 87

Creatinine conversion factor

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88.4

Front 88

Fasting has effect on ______.

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Total Cholesterol

Front 89

Enzyme classification of AMS and CHS

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Hydrolases

Front 90

How to prepare NSS?

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9g NSS in 1L

Front 91

Used to differentiate pancreatic insufficiency and malabsorption.

Back 91

Oral Xylose

Front 92

An indicator for premature delivery.

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Fetal fibronectin

Front 93

What approach to automation employs a continuous flow principle?

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Dupont ACA

Front 94

Azotemia presents an increase in what?

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Increased NPN (urea)

Front 95

What does an increased BUN:CREA ratio with normal crea indicate?

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Pre-renal d/o

Front 96

What does an increased BUN:CREA ratio with increased crea indicate?

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Post-renal d/o

Front 97

What disorder presents with increased/decreased alpha-fetoprotein?

Back 97

Increased:

Spina bifida

Neural tube defects

Liver cancer

Decreased:

Down Syndrome

Front 98

What is used to measure inborn errors?

Back 98

Chromatography

Front 99

Which of the following reagents is used to determine the concentration of serum inorganic phosphate?

Back 99

Ammonium Molybdate

Front 100

What electrolyte is not affected by hemolysis but is affected by protein and pH?

Back 100

Calcium

Front 101

Of the total serum calcium, free ionized calcium normally represents approximately what percent?

Back 101

50%

Front 102

Adapting a standard protocol of a particular test from other laboratories is an example of:

Back 102

Benchmarking

Front 103

For each grade of fever the pCO2 _______ and the pO2 _______.

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pCO2: increases 3%

pO2: decreases 7%

Front 104

What is the driving force of HCO3?

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Carbon Dioxide

Front 105

For every ______ increase in glucose, serum sodium decreases by _____.

Back 105

Glucose: 100mg/dl increase

Na: 1.6 mmol/L decrease

Front 106

The greatest elevation of ALT and AST is seen in what condition.

Back 106

Viral Hepatitis

Front 107

The greatest elevation of ALP is seen in what condition?

Back 107

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Front 108

Most affected electrolyte by improper use of water.

Back 108

Sodium

Front 109

What reagent determines the presence of urine urobilinogen?

Back 109

Ehrlich's reagent with Para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (PDAB)

Front 110

Cephalin Cholesterol Flocculation Test and Thymol Turbidity Test

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Liver Disease

Front 111

What is the ratio of direct bilirubin to total bilirubin?

Back 111

1:2

Front 112

Sodium levels when there is lipemia, increased immunoglobulin and in-vitro hemolysis?

Back 112

Pseudohyponatremia

Front 113

For every ________ decrease in pH, potassium increases by ______.

Back 113

pH: 0.01

Potassium: 0.4

Front 114

Internal standard of Flame Emission Photometry.

Back 114

Lithium and Cesium

Front 115

Serves as quality control for Na, K, and Cl.

Back 115

Anion Gap

Front 116

Useful in detecting errors of analyzer in electrolytes.

Back 116

Anion Gap

Front 117

What electrolytes are associated with neuromuscular irritability?

Back 117

Calcium and Magnesium

Front 118

Spuriously low levels of electrolytes is associated with?

Back 118

Increased paraproteins

Increased triglycerides and chylomicrons

Front 119

Overhydrationor excessive intake of water, water intoxication demonstrates what effect to the body?

Back 119

Dilutional Hyponatremia

Front 120

Marked elevated (>10) osmolal gap is seen in what conditions?

Back 120

Poisoning with:

Ethanol

Methanol

Isopropanol

Diethylene ether

Ethylene glycol

Paraldehyde

Trichloroethane

Salicylates

Front 121

Major determinant of plasma osmolality?

Back 121

Sodium

Front 122

Most common error in blood gas analysis?

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Increased heparin = decreased pH

Front 123

Best anticoagulant for Blood Gas Analysis?

Back 123

Heparin

Front 124

Gilbert syndrome will have ____.

Back 124

Increase indirect bilirubin