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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Contamination
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presence of any microorganism (common)
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Infection
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colonization of bugs (less common and not necessarily damaging)
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Pathogen
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infectious disease agent
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Virulence
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ability to cause infection and damage
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Dose
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number of cells of a contaminant
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Two types of resistance
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innate
acquired |
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3 types of innate resistance
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physical (skin, mucous memb)
mechanincal (secretions, cilia) chemical (stomach acid) |
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type of acquired resistance
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cell-mediated (antibodies)
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Immunity
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being able to resist a particular disease, esp through preventing dev. of a pathogenic microorganism
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Sanitization
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physical cleaning to reduce the quantity of microbes and bioburden
done before sterilization/disinfection (disinfectants and paper towels on surfaces, soap and brush on instruments, ultrasonic on instruments) |
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Sterilization
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destruction of all microbial forms
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3 types of sterilization
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heat (most common
filtration radiation |
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Disinfection
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destruction of pathogenic microbes (infectious disease agents)
*doesn't destroy spores and certain resistant microorganisms *target for cubical preparation |
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High-level disinfectant
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destroys all microbial life
also called chemical "sterilants" |
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Intermidiate-level disinfectant
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Used for disinfecting dental operatory surfaces
destroys mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, fungi, vegetative bacteria |
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Low level disinfectant
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Used on floors and walls
kills some viruses and fungi |
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Tuberculocidal
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kills mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Asepsis
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condition in which infective material is absent
(after disinfectant occurs) |
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antiseptics
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Used on living tissue to work against bad organisms: alcohol coagulates the protein in bacteria
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Critical items
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pierce the skin or mucosa and need sterilization
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Semi-critical items
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non sharp items that enter the oral cavity and need sterilization
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Non-critical items
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don't enter the oral cavity, but may be touched, require disinfection (counter, chair,etc)
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Source
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infected individual
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Infection requirements:
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susceptible host
sufficient no of pathogen portal of entry |
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Modes of transmission
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direct
indirect droplet inhalation |
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Stages of an infectious disease
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incubation
prodromal acute convalescent |
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Incubation
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initial entrance to first symptoms
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Prodromal
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appearance of early symptoms
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Acute
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greatest amount of symptoms
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convalescent
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recovery
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3 ways to control microbial growth
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bacteriostatic
bactericidal removal |
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Bacteriostatic
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inhibition of growth
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Bactericidal
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killing microorganisms
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