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16 Cards in this Set

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Prone to avascular necrosis in this disease
Sickle-cell disease
-Caused by burns, infections, cancer, drugs and many chronic concurrent illnesses such as seen in patient in the ICU

-Elevation of lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, PT and PTT

-Decrease fibrinogen and platelets
DIC
FAT RN

-TTP -thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Fever
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Renal problems
Neurological symptoms
E. coli 0571 infection causes hemolysis in the kidneys ("burns" kidney)) causing renal failure
Platelet are activated and are not broken up

Damage passing RBCs - hemolysis, especially in kidneys

Effects younger patients

Tx focus on E. coli
HUS - hemolytic uremic syndrome
Caused by larger objects in vasculature that damage RBC

Body thinks its bleeding, large consumption of vWF, as in TTP, unable to clot in other areas do to decrease.

Secondary bleeding
Macroangiopathic hemolysis
Fever
Anemia
Thromboctopenia
Renal problems
Neurological symptoms
Thrombotic thrombopenic purpura
(TTP)

FAT RN
Large consumption of vWF, as in TTP, unable to clot in other areas do to decrease of vWf.

ADAMTS 13 involved
Thrombotic thrombopenic purpura
Three methods of Drugs damaging cells
1. Direct hemolysis/oxidation

2. Preformed Abs against certain molecules
-penicillin attaches to RBC - abs attach to penicillin - RBC removed by spleen

3. Being marked by complement (hapten response)
-Drug attaches to RBC - comp activated against foreign surface molecule - RBC phagocytized or removed by spleen
-Increased lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, and K+

-Decreased Calcium and haptoglobin

-Renal problems
Markers for hemolysis
In an autoimmune response, cells are taken up in the spleen and destroyed due to
IgG
Intravascular hemolysis occurs in response to :
Compliment

autoimmune
Which test should be done if hemolytic anemia is suspected?
Direct Coombs
What conditions will cause autoimmunity in the patient?
Lupus, HIV, drugs, idiopathic
What type of Bone marrow failure anemia?

-Fanconi anemia, Down syndrome
Inherited
What type of Bone marrow failure anemia?

Marrow stops producing blood for unknown reason.

-Tx - immunosuppress
-Don't use relatives for transfusion, save them for stem cell transplant
Aplastic

-lymphocytes fine - produced in thymus/spleen

-appears to be immune mediated
-high level immunosuppression required
What type of Bone marrow failure anemia?

Marrow becomes scar, patient shifts to spleen (splenomegaly) and patient will die when no longer can compensate.

-due to radiation, chemo, drugs, occupational exposure (benzene, insecticides) parvovirus B19
Fibrosis

-condition of elderly, should not transplant them
-irrecoverable marrow damage