Clinical Anatomy Canine Musculoskeletal Lab

Front 1

Identify the structure labeled "A"

Back 1

supraglenoid tubercle (tuberosity) of the scapula

Front 2

What muscle originates from the supraglenoid tuberosity?

Back 2

biceps brachii

Front 3

Name one clinically relevant reason for knowing the supraglenoid tuberosity.

Back 3

biceps tendinopathy in large breed dogs

Front 4

What muscle lies parallel and immediately adjacent and cranial to the scapular spine?

Back 4

infraspinatus m.

Front 5

What is the innervation of the infraspinatus muscle?

Back 5

supraspinous nerve

Front 6

Where does the infraspinatus muscle insert?

Back 6

lateral aspect of humeral head

Front 7

Identify the prominence labeled "B"

Back 7

scapular spine

Front 8

What nerve is labeled with two red asterisks?

Back 8

radial nerve

Front 9

The structures in blue and pink make up what structure?

Back 9

the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow joint

Front 10

What group of muscles has been reflected to reveal the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow?

Back 10

forearm extensors

Front 11

What is the insertion point(s) for the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow?

Back 11

radial head [cranial crura] and adjacent ulna [caudal crura]

Front 12

Name the specific muscles in the forearm extensors that are reflected to reveal the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow.

Back 12

extensor carpi radialis, common digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, ulnaris lateralis [aka – extensor carpi ulnaris]

Front 13

Name a surgical procedure where you would incise and reflect the anconeus muscle

Back 13

removal of ununited anconeal process

Front 14

What is the function of the extensor carpi radialis?

Back 14

extend the carpus

Front 15

What is the name of this muscle?

Back 15

anconeus muscle

Front 16

What tendon is obliquely crossing the extensor carpi radialis?

Back 16

abductor pollicis longus

Front 17

What is the insertion of the superficial gluteal muscle?

Back 17

third trochanter

Front 18

What is the function of the superficial gluteal muscle?

Back 18

abduction of hip

Front 19

What is the function of the semitendinosus muscle?

Back 19

extension of hip, flexion of stifle

Front 20

What is the innervation of the semitendinosus muscle?

Back 20

sciatic nerve

Front 21

What course does the sciatic nerve take from pelvis to stifle?

Back 21

It crosses the pelvis at the lesser ischiatic notch caudal to acetabulum and courses caudally down the thigh until the tibial and peroneal branches split at the level of the stifle. The tibial branch continues caudolateral and the peroneal branch continues craniolateral.

Front 22

Where is the origin of the pectineus muscle?

Back 22

prepubic tendon and pubic bone

Front 23

What vascular structure lies adjacent to the pectineus muscle?

Back 23

femoral artery

Front 24

What is the function of the long digital extensor tendon?

Back 24

extension of the digits

Front 25

What muscle does the long digital extensor tendon run beneath?

Back 25

cranial tibial muscle

Front 26

What is the innervation of the cranial tibial muscle?

Back 26

peroneal nerve

Front 27

What muscle group is associated with the patellar tendon?

Back 27

quadriceps muscle group

Front 28

What is the innervation of the quadriceps muscle group?

Back 28

femoral nerve

Front 29

Where do each of the muscles in the quadriceps group originate?

Back 29

rectus femoris – rectus tuberosity cranial to acetabulum, v. lateralis – base of greater trochanter, v. medialis – base of femoral neck and intertrochanteric ridge, v. intermedius – lateral part of proximal femure adjacent to v. lateralis.

Front 30

What nervous structure runs in close proximity to the gastrocnemius fabellae?

Back 30

peroneal nerve

Front 31

What is the function of the cranial cruciate ligament?

Back 31

prevents excessive internal rotation, hyperextension, and cranial translocation of the tibia

Front 32

What is the clinical significance of the medial saphenous vein, the cranial saphenous artery, and the cutaneous branch of saphenous nerve?

Back 32

encountered in medial approach to tibia

Front 33

What inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Back 33

supraspinatus muscle

Front 34

What is the medial portion of the humeral condyle called?

Back 34

the trochlea

Front 35

What role in elbow stability does the anconeal process play?

Back 35

stabilizes elbow in extension

Front 36

What muscle inserts on the olecranon process?

Back 36

triceps brachii muscle

Front 37

Is the medial coronoid process larger or smaller than the lateral coronoid process?

Back 37

larger

Front 38

What maintains the radial head in proper alignment to the ulna?

Back 38

the annular ligament

Front 39

What ligamentous structure attaches to the ulnar styloid process?

Back 39

ulnar collateral ligament

Front 40

What is the largest carpal bone?

Back 40

radial carpal bone

Front 41

What is the 2nd largest carpal bone?

Back 41

ulnar carpal bone

Front 42

Why is the ungual crest of clinical significance?

Back 42

growth of claw occurs from germinal cells in crest

Front 43

What common clinical procedure in cats occurs at the distal interphalangeal joint?

Back 43

disarticulation of the joint [declawing]

Front 44

What is the wing of the ilium a good source of?

Back 44

cancellous bone for grafting

Front 45

What inserts on the pubis?

Back 45

the prepubic tendon

Front 46

What muscle originates from the ischiatic tuberosity?

Back 46

semitendinosus muscle

Front 47

What type of tissue lines the lunate surface (concave surface) of the acetabulum?

Back 47

articular cartilage

Front 48

What inserts on the lesser trochanter?

Back 48

iliopsoas muscle

Front 49

What originates at the base of the greater trochanter?

Back 49

the vastus lateralis

Front 50

What ligament attaches the femur to the acetabulum?

Back 50

ligament of the head of the femur

Front 51

What muscles insert at the linea aspera?

Back 51

adductor magnus and brevis

Front 52

What is the purpose of the trochlear ridges in regards to the patella?

Back 52

maintain alignment of the patella

Front 53

What inserts on the fibular head?

Back 53

lateral collateral ligament of the stifle

Front 54

What originates from the tibial malleolus?

Back 54

medial collateral ligament of the hock

Front 55

What developmental orthopedic disease occurs at the trochlea of the femur?

Back 55

OCD (osteochondrosis dessicans)

Front 56

What muscles insert on the calcaneus?

Back 56

gracilis, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius

Front 57

What is the proper term for the joint between 4th tarsal bone and the talus?

Back 57

taloquartal joint

Front 58

Where is the insertion of the superficial digital flexor?

Back 58

proximal interphalangeal [PIP] joint

Front 59

Determine the spatial relationship of the greater tubercle to the acromion.

Back 59

greater tubercle craniodistal to acromion

Front 60

Determine the spatial relationship of the radial head to the lateral humeral epicondyle.

Back 60

distal and in same parasagittal plane

Front 61

Determine the spatial relationship of the gastrocnemius fabellae to the patella to the tibial crest.

Back 61

fabellae caudal to patella and proximocaudal to tibial crest

Front 62

Determine the spatial relationship of the iliac crest to the ischiatic tuberosity to the greater trochanter.

Back 62

shallow “V” with line from iliac crest to trochanter longer than line from trochanter to ischiatic tuberosity

Front 63

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
SHOULDER

Back 63

Shoulder (60-70/65-75)

Front 64

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
ELBOW

Back 64

Elbow (70-75/70-75)

Front 65

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
CARPUS

Back 65

Carpus (155-160/20-30)

Front 66

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
Metacarpophalangeal

Back 66

Metacarpophalangeal (35/85)

Front 67

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
PIP/DIP

Back 67

PIP/DIP (45/45)

Front 68

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
HIP

Back 68

Hip (70-80/80-90)

Front 69

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
STIFLE

Back 69

Stifle (65-75/65-75)

Front 70

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
HOCK

Back 70

Hock (90-110/65-75)

Front 71

Determine the normal range of motion and start and stop points for each of the following joints: (Flexion: Extension)
Metatarsophalangeal

Back 71

Metatarsophalangeal (35/85)

Front 72

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the carpus?

Back 72

Front 73

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the elbow?

Back 73

Front 74

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the hip?

Back 74

Front 75

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the hock?

Back 75

Front 76

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the hock?

Back 76

Front 77

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the stifle?

Back 77

Front 78

What landmarks would you use for proper needle placement for arthrocentesis of the shoulder?

Back 78